εἴσω

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ěː.sɔː/ → /ˈi.so/ → /ˈi.so/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ěː.sɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈi.so/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.so/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.so/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈi.so/

Etymology 1

From εἰς (eis, “into”) +‎ -ω (-ō, adverbial suffix). Compare ἄνω (ánō, “upwards”), κάτω (kátō, “downwards”), πρόσω (prósō, “onwards”).

Alternative forms

• ἔσω (ésō)

Adverb

εἴσω • (eísō) (comparative ἐσωτέρω, superlative ἐσωτᾰ́τω)

1. (of motion) into
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.775:

     μή πού τις ἐπαγγείιῃσι καὶ εἴσω

     mḗ poú tis epangeíiēisi kaì eísō

     lest someone may carry the news to within [the house]

2. (of location) inside, within
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 7.13:

     ἥ οἱ πῦρ ἀνέκαιε καὶ εἴσω δόρπον ἐκόσμει

     hḗ hoi pûr anékaie kaì eísō dórpon ekósmei

     She it was who kindled the fire for her, and made ready her supper inside the chamber.

   1. (of time)
      • 161 CE – 180 CE, Hermogenes, On Issues 8

Usage notes

ἔσω was the primary form used in Ionic and old Attic prose, but in other prose and comedy only εἴσω was used. In poetry either form is used as the meter requires. Compare εἰς, ἐς. When εἴσω takes an object, that object is usually in the accusative case, but may be in the genitive. εἴσω generally follows its object.

Synonyms

• (within): ἔνδον (éndon), ἔνδοθι (éndothi), ἐντός (entós)

Derived terms

• ἐσώτερος (esṓteros)
• ἐσώτατος (esṓtatos)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

εἴσω • (eísō)

1. second-person singular aorist middle indicative of εἴδομαι (eídomai)

Further reading

• “εἴσω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “εἴσω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “εἴσω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• εἴσω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• εἴσω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• εἴσω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “εἴσω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • door idem, page 247.
  • in idem, page 425.
  • inside idem, page 444.
  • inward idem, page 459.
  • within idem, page 984.