λάρυγξ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Connected to Latin lurcō (“to eat greedily, guzzle”) and Middle High German slurc (“throat”) by Pokorny, possibly reshaped according to φάρυγξ (phárunx). according to Beekes, due to the prenasalized suffix -υγγ-.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /lá.ryŋks/ → /ˈla.ryŋks/ → /ˈla.riŋks/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lá.ryŋks/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈla.ryŋks/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈla.ryŋks/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈla.ryŋks/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈla.riŋks/

Noun

λᾰ́ρυγξ • (lárunx) m (genitive λᾰ́ρυγγος); third declension

1. larynx, upper part of windpipe
2. windpipe
3. gullet, throat

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ λᾰ́ρυγξ; τοῦ λᾰ́ρυγγος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ λᾰ́ρυγξ ho lárunx	τὼ λᾰ́ρυγγε tṑ lárunge	οἱ λᾰ́ρυγγες hoi lárunges
Genitive	τοῦ λᾰ́ρυγγος toû lárungos	τοῖν λᾰρύγγοιν toîn larúngoin	τῶν λᾰρύγγων tôn larúngōn
Dative	τῷ λᾰ́ρυγγῐ tôi lárungi	τοῖν λᾰρύγγοιν toîn larúngoin	τοῖς λᾰ́ρυγξῐ / λᾰ́ρυγξῐν toîs lárunxi(n)
Accusative	τὸν λᾰ́ρυγγᾰ tòn lárunga	τὼ λᾰ́ρυγγε tṑ lárunge	τοὺς λᾰ́ρυγγᾰς toùs lárungas
Vocative	λᾰ́ρυγξ lárunx	λᾰ́ρυγγε lárunge	λᾰ́ρυγγες lárunges
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of ὁ λᾰ́ρυγξ; τοῦ λᾰ́ρυγος ((rare), Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ λᾰ́ρυγξ ho lárunx	τὼ λᾰ́ρυγε tṑ láruge	οἱ λᾰ́ρυγες hoi láruges
Genitive	τοῦ λᾰ́ρυγος toû lárugos	τοῖν λᾰρύγοιν toîn larúgoin	τῶν λᾰρύγων tôn larúgōn
Dative	τῷ λᾰ́ρυγῐ tôi lárugi	τοῖν λᾰρύγοιν toîn larúgoin	τοῖς λᾰ́ρυξῐ / λᾰ́ρυξῐν toîs láruxi(n)
Accusative	τὸν λᾰ́ρυγᾰ tòn láruga	τὼ λᾰ́ρυγε tṑ láruge	τοὺς λᾰ́ρυγᾰς toùs lárugas
Vocative	λᾰ́ρυγξ lárunx	λᾰ́ρυγε láruge	λᾰ́ρυγες láruges
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: λάρυγγας (láryngas), λαρύγγι (larúngi)
• → English: larynx
• → Italian: laringe

See also

• φάρυγξ (phárunx)

References

• “λάρυγξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • gullet idem, page 379.
  • larynx idem, page 477.
  • trachea idem, page 885.
  • windpipe idem, page 981.
• λάρυγξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “λάρυγξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Pokorny, Julius (1949–1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. Bern, p. 965f.
• G2995 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN