σαπάνα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Only found in one Dioskourides locus about “Phoenician” Anagallis, where it is said to be the name of the Gauls, which may be seen as the Punic population in Gaul, as the shape of the word is Semitic, and 𐤑𐤐𐤍 (ṣpn) is known from onomastics – see Baal-zephon – as meaning “to save, to protect”, relating to medicinal uses of the plant.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sa.pá.na/ → /saˈpa.na/ → /saˈpa.na/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sa.pá.na/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /saˈpa.na/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /saˈpa.na/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /saˈpa.na/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /saˈpa.na/

Noun

σᾰπᾰ́νᾰ • (sapána) f (genitive σᾰπᾰ́νης); first declension

1. scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis)

   Synonym: ἀναγαλλίς (anagallís)

Inflection

First declension of ἡ σᾰπᾰ́νᾰ; τῆς σᾰπᾰ́νης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ σᾰπᾰ́νᾰ hē sapána	τὼ σᾰπᾰ́νᾱ tṑ sapánā	αἱ σᾰπᾰ́ναι hai sapánai
Genitive	τῆς σᾰπᾰ́νης tês sapánēs	τοῖν σᾰπᾰ́ναιν toîn sapánain	τῶν σᾰπᾰνῶν tôn sapanôn
Dative	τῇ σᾰπᾰ́νῃ têi sapánēi	τοῖν σᾰπᾰ́ναιν toîn sapánain	ταῖς σᾰπᾰ́ναις taîs sapánais
Accusative	τὴν σᾰπᾰ́νᾰν tḕn sapánan	τὼ σᾰπᾰ́νᾱ tṑ sapánā	τᾱ̀ς σᾰπᾰ́νᾱς tā̀s sapánās
Vocative	σᾰπᾰ́νᾰ sapána	σᾰπᾰ́νᾱ sapánā	σᾰπᾰ́ναι sapánai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• σαπάνα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “ἀναγαλλίς φοινικῆ – Anagallis arvensis L. subsp. phoenicea”, in Dioscórides Interactivo‎^[1] (in Spanish), 2024
• Langkavel, Bernhard (1866) Botanik der späteren Griechen vom dritten bis dreizehnten Jahrhunderte (in German), Berlin: F. Berggold, page 63
• Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 77