бьрьковьске

Old Novgorodian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Old Norse birki-der.

Old Norse Birkabor.

Old Novgorodian *бьрькꙑ (*bĭrĭky)

Proto-Indo-European *-usder.

Proto-Indo-European *-osder.

Proto-Slavic *-ovъ

Old Novgorodian -ове (-ove)

Proto-Indo-European *-iskos

Proto-Balto-Slavic *-iškas

Proto-Slavic *-ьskъ

Old Novgorodian -ьске (-ĭske)

Old Novgorodian -овьске (-ovĭske)

Old Novgorodian *бьрьковьске пѫде (*bĭrĭkovĭske pǫde)ellip.

Old Novgorodian бьрьковьске

From *бьрькꙑ (*bĭrĭky) + -овьске (-ovĭske), ellipsis of *бьрьковьске пѫде (*bĭrĭkovĭske pǫde, literally “a pood from Birka, a 8th‒10th-century medieval Swedish port”). First attested in c. 1140–1160 within a birch-bark letter. Compare Old East Slavic бьрковьскъ (bĭrkovĭskŭ).

Cf. Estonian perkapund (“ship-pound”) < Old Swedish biærköa pund, whereas Old Norse *birkiskt pund could serve as a model for Old Novgorodian and Old East Slavic forms.

Pronunciation

• (Old Novgorod-Pskovian)
  • (c. 850 CE) IPA^(key): /ˈbɪrɪkɔwɪskɛ/
  • (c. 1050 CE) IPA^(key): /ˈbʲɪrʲɪkɔʋʲɪskɛ/
  • (c. 1250‒1450 CE) IPA^(key): /ˈbʲɛrʲkɔʋʲɛskɛ/
• Hyphenation: бь‧рь‧ко‧вь‧ске

Noun

бьрьковьске • (bĭrĭkovĭske) m

1. berkovets (an old unit of weight, approximately 164 kilograms or 10 poods)

Declension

Declension of бьрьковьске (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	бьрьковьске bĭrĭkovĭske	бьрьковьска bĭrĭkovĭska	бьрьковьски1 bĭrĭkovĭskʹi1
genitive	бьрьковьска2 bĭrĭkovĭska2	бьрьковьскоу bĭrĭkovĭsku	бьрьковьскъ3 bĭrĭkovĭskŭ3
dative	бьрьковьскоу bĭrĭkovĭsku	бьрьковьскома bĭrĭkovĭskoma	бьрьковьскомъ bĭrĭkovĭskomŭ
accusative	бьрьковьскъ bĭrĭkovĭskŭ	бьрьковьска bĭrĭkovĭska	бьрьковьскѣ bĭrĭkovĭskʹě
instrumental	бьрьковьскъмь bĭrĭkovĭskŭmĭ	бьрьковьскома bĭrĭkovĭskoma	бьрьковьскꙑ bĭrĭkovĭsky
locative	бьрьковьскѣ4 bĭrĭkovĭskʹě4	бьрьковьскоу bĭrĭkovĭsku	бьрьковьскѣхъ bĭrĭkovĭskʹěxŭ
vocative	бьрьковьсце5 bĭrĭkovĭscʹe5	бьрьковьска bĭrĭkovĭska	бьрьковьски bĭrĭkovĭskʹi

¹ Also less commonly sometimes -ѣ (-ě, nom. pl.).
² Also found in uncountable nouns as -оу (-u, gen. sg.).
³ Very rarely, sometimes also -овъ (-ovŭ, gen. pl.).
⁴ Also extremely rarely -оу (-u, loc. sg.).
⁵ Often also -ке (-ke, voc. sg.) by paradigmatic leveling.
Early Old Novgorodian declension (until c. 1225 CE), prior to the loss of yers.

Further reading

• “берковескъ”, in Birchbark Letters Corpus, 2003–2026