гракам
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Bulgarian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Onomatopoeic, from the call гра-гра (gra-gra) + -кам (-kam).
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
гра́кам • (grákam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective гра́кна)
- (intransitive) to caw, to croak, to screech
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of гра́кам (conjugation 3, imperfective, intransitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | гра́кащ grákašt |
гра́кал, грака́л1 grákal, grakál1 |
гра́кал grákal |
— | гра́кайки grákajki | |
| definite subject form | гра́кащият grákaštijat |
гра́калият, грака́лият1 grákalijat, grakálijat1 |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | гра́кащия grákaštija |
гра́калия, грака́лия1 grákalija, grakálija1 |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | гра́каща grákašta |
гра́кала, грака́ла1 grákala, grakála1 |
гра́кала grákala |
— | ||
| definite | гра́кащата grákaštata |
гра́калата, грака́лата1 grákalata, grakálata1 |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | гра́кащо grákašto |
гра́кало, грака́ло1 grákalo, grakálo1 |
гра́кало grákalo |
— | гра́кане grákane | |
| definite | гра́кащото grákaštoto |
гра́калото, грака́лото1 grákaloto, grakáloto1 |
— | — | гра́кането grákaneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | гра́кащи grákašti |
гра́кали, грака́ли1 grákali, grakáli1 |
гра́кали grákali |
— | гра́кания, гра́канета grákanija, grákaneta | |
| definite | гра́кащите grákaštite |
гра́калите, грака́лите1 grákalite, grakálite1 |
— | — | гра́канията, гра́канетата grákanijata, grákanetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | гра́кам grákam |
гра́каш grákaš |
гра́ка gráka |
гра́каме grákame |
гра́кате grákate |
гра́кат grákat | |
| imperfect | гра́ках grákah |
гра́каше grákaše |
гра́каше grákaše |
гра́кахме grákahme |
гра́кахте grákahte |
гра́каха grákaha | |
| aorist | гра́ках, грака́х1 grákah, grakáh1 |
гра́ка, грака́1 gráka, graká1 |
гра́ка, грака́1 gráka, graká1 |
гра́кахме, грака́хме1 grákahme, grakáhme1 |
гра́кахте, грака́хте1 grákahte, grakáhte1 |
гра́каха, грака́ха1 grákaha, grakáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and гра́кал/грака́л1 m, гра́кала/грака́ла1 f, гра́кало/грака́ло1 n, or гра́кали/грака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and гра́кал/грака́л1 m, гра́кала/грака́ла1 f, гра́кало/грака́ло1 n, or гра́кали/грака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and гра́кал/грака́л1 m, гра́кала/грака́ла1 f, гра́кало/грака́ло1 n, or гра́кали/грака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and гра́кал/грака́л1 m, гра́кала/грака́ла1 f, гра́кало/грака́ло1 n, or гра́кали/грака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and гра́кал m, гра́кала f, гра́кало n, or гра́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and гра́кал/грака́л1 m, гра́кала/грака́ла1 f, гра́кало/грака́ло1 n, or гра́кали/грака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and гра́кал/грака́л1 m, гра́кала/грака́ла1 f, гра́кало/грака́ло1 n, or гра́кали/грака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and гра́кал/грака́л1 m, гра́кала/грака́ла1 f, гра́кало/грака́ло1 n, or гра́кали/грака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and гра́кал m, гра́кала f, гра́кало n, or гра́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and гра́кал/грака́л1 m, гра́кала/грака́ла1 f, гра́кало/грака́ло1 n, or гра́кали/грака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and гра́кал/грака́л1 m, гра́кала/грака́ла1 f, гра́кало/грака́ло1 n, or гра́кали/грака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and гра́кал m, гра́кала f, гра́кало n, or гра́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and гра́кал/грака́л1 m, гра́кала/грака́ла1 f, гра́кало/грака́ло1 n, or гра́кали/грака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and гра́кал/грака́л1 m, гра́кала/грака́ла1 f, гра́кало/грака́ло1 n, or гра́кали/грака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and гра́кал/грака́л1 m, гра́кала/грака́ла1 f, гра́кало/грака́ло1 n, or гра́кали/грака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and гра́кал/грака́л1 m, гра́кала/грака́ла1 f, гра́кало/грака́ло1 n, or гра́кали/грака́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| гра́кай grákaj |
гра́кайте grákajte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms[edit]
- гра́квам (grákvam) (semelfactive)
- гра́ча (gráča) (causative-iterative)
- загра́кам pf (zagrákam), загра́квам impf (zagrákvam)
- изгра́кам pf (izgrákam), изгра́квам impf (izgrákvam, “to evoke”)
- награ́кам се pf (nagrákam se), награ́квам се impf (nagrákvam se)
- погра́кам pf (pográkam), погра́квам impf (pográkvam)
- пригра́кам pf (prigrákam), пригра́квам impf (prigrákvam)
- разгра́кам се pf (razgrákam se), разгра́квам се impf (razgrákvam se)
- гра́каница (grákanica) (action noun)
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “гракам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “гракам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Ukrainian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
грака́м • (hrakám) m animal
Categories:
- Bulgarian terms suffixed with -кам
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian terms with audio links
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian verbs
- Bulgarian imperfective verbs
- Bulgarian intransitive verbs
- Bulgarian conjugation 3 verbs
- Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ukrainian non-lemma forms
- Ukrainian noun forms