знам

Bulgarian

Alternative forms

• зна́я (znája)

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *znati.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [znam]

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -am

Verb

знам • (znam) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. (colloquial) to know

   Не знам ― Ne znam ― I don't know

Conjugation

    Conjugation of знам (conjugation 1.6, irregular, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	зна́ещ znáešt	зна́ял, зная́л1 znájal, znajál1	зна́ел znáel	зна́ен znáen		зна́ейки znáejki
	definite subject form	зна́ещият znáeštijat	зна́ялият, зная́лият1 znájalijat, znajálijat1	—	зна́еният znáenijat
	definite object form	зна́ещия znáeštija	зна́ялия, зная́лия1 znájalija, znajálija1	—	зна́ения znáenija
feminine	indefinite	зна́еща znáešta	зна́яла, зная́ла1 znájala, znajála1	зна́ела znáela	зна́ена znáena
	definite	зна́ещата znáeštata	зна́ялата, зная́лата1 znájalata, znajálata1	—	зна́ената znáenata
neuter	indefinite	зна́ещо znáešto	зна́яло, зная́ло1 znájalo, znajálo1	зна́ело znáelo	зна́ено znáeno	зна́ене znáene
	definite	зна́ещото znáeštoto	зна́ялото, зная́лото1 znájaloto, znajáloto1	—	зна́еното znáenoto	зна́енето znáeneto
plural	indefinite	зна́ещи znáešti	зна́яли, зная́ли1 znájali, znajáli1	зна́ели znáeli	зна́ени znáeni	зна́ения, зна́енета znáenija, znáeneta
	definite	зна́ещите znáeštite	зна́ялите, зная́лите1 znájalite, znajálite1	—	зна́ените znáenite	зна́енията, зна́енетата znáenijata, znáenetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		знам znam	зна́еш znáeš	зна́е znáe	зна́ем znáem	зна́ете znáete	зна́ят znájat
imperfect		зна́ех znáeh	зна́еше znáeše	зна́еше znáeše	зна́ехме znáehme	зна́ехте znáehte	зна́еха znáeha
aorist		зна́ях, зная́х1 znájah, znajáh1	зна́я, зная́1 znája, znajá1	зна́я, зная́1 znája, znajá1	зна́яхме, зная́хме1 znájahme, znajáhme1	зна́яхте, зная́хте1 znájahte, znajáhte1	зна́яха, зная́ха1 znájaha, znajáha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and зна́ел m, зна́ела f, зна́ело n, or зна́ели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and зна́ел m, зна́ела f, зна́ело n, or зна́ели pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and зна́ел m, зна́ела f, зна́ело n, or зна́ели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			знай znaj			зна́йте znájte

¹Dialectally marked.

References

• “знам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “знам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010