светлина

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *světьlina. Synchronically, an abstract noun of све́тъл (svétǎl, “bright”) +‎ -ина (-ina).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [svɛtliˈna]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -na
• Syllabification^(key): све‧тли‧на
• Hyphenation^(key): свет‧ли‧на

Noun

светлина́ • (svetliná) f (relational adjective светли́нен, diminutive светлинка́)

1. light (electromagnetic effect)

   Antonyms: мрак (mrak), тъмнина́ (tǎmniná)

   дневна светлина ― dnevna svetlina ― daylight

   слънчева светлина ― slǎnčeva svetlina ― sunlight

   лунна светлина ― lunna svetlina ― moonlight

   изкуствена светлина ― izkustvena svetlina ― artificial light

   хвърлям светлина о нещо ― hvǎrljam svetlina o nešto ― to shed light about smth

2. (plural only) lights

   сигнални светлини ― signalni svetlini ― signal lights

3. (figurative) sight, look, perspective

   в положителна / отрицателна светлина (idiomic)

   v položitelna / otricatelna svetlina

   favourably / unfavourably

   (literally, “in a positive / negative light”)

4. (art) light, highlight

   Antonym: ся́нка (sjánka)

5. (figurative) light, radiance, glow (of a face, eyes, etc.)
6. (figurative) light, enlightenment, hope
7. (figurative) light, perspective

   В но́ва светлина́.

   V nóva svetliná.

   In a new light.

8. (figurative, in the plural) positive aspects, lights

   светлини́ и се́нки

   svetliní i sénki

   lights and shadows

9. (obsolete) light, lamp, luminary

Declension

Declension of светлина́

	singular	plural
indefinite	светлина́ svetliná	светлини́ svetliní
definite	светлина́та svetlináta	светлини́те svetliníte

Coordinate terms

• бля́сък (bljásǎk, “shining”)
• виделина́ (videliná, “visible light”) (dialectal)
• заря́ (zarjá, “illumination”)
• зрак (zrak, “faint light”) (dialectal)
• луча́ (lučá, “ray of light”) (dated)

Related terms

• просве́та (prosvéta, “education”)
• свети́ло (svetílo) (instrumental noun)
• светка́вица (svetkávica, “lightning”)
• светлота́ (svetlotá), све́тлост (svétlost) (abstract nouns)

References

• “светлина”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “светлина”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Nayden Gerov; Тодор Панчев (1904), “свѣтлина́”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 141

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *světьlina, from *světьlъ (“bright”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsvɛtlina]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

светлина • (svetlina) f (plural светлини, diminutive светлинка)

1. light, brightness

Declension

Declension of светлина

	singular	plural
indefinite	светлина (svetlina)	светлини (svetlini)
definite unspecified	светлината (svetlinata)	светлините (svetlinite)
definite proximal	светлинава (svetlinava)	светлиниве (svetlinive)
definite distal	светлинана (svetlinana)	светлинине (svetlinine)
vocative	светлино (svetlino)	светлини (svetlini)