բալախ
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Armenian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]recorded dialectal forms and meanings
- փալախ (pʻalax, “a kind of soft field grass used in making grass-ropes”) — Alashkert, Bulanık, Ararat, Mush
- բալախ (balax, “a kind of soft field grass”) — Mush, normalized “classicizing” spelling
- բալախ (balax, “a kind of sedge-like grass growing in swamps”) — unspecified dialectal, normalized “classicizing” spelling
- փալախոտ (pʻalaxot, “a kind of soft thin grass used for stuffing trekhs to keep the feet warm in the winter”) — Bitlis
- փալախ խոտ (pʻalax xot, “a kind of soft thin grass used for stuffing trekhs to keep the feet warm in the winter”) — Ararat, Ṙštunikʿ, Khoy, Mush, Alashkert, formed with խոտ (xot)
Etymology
[edit]From Middle Armenian բալախ (balax), from Old Armenian բալախ (balax).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Eastern Armenian) IPA(key): /bɑˈlɑχ/, [bɑlɑ́χ]
- (Western Armenian) IPA(key): /pɑˈlɑχ/, [pʰɑlɑ́χ]
Audio (Eastern Armenian): (file)
Noun
[edit]բալախ • (balax)
- glasswort (Salicornia), especially common glasswort (Salicornia europaea)
Declension
[edit] i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | բալախ (balax) | բալախներ (balaxner) | ||
dative | բալախի (balaxi) | բալախների (balaxneri) | ||
ablative | բալախից (balaxicʻ) | բալախներից (balaxnericʻ) | ||
instrumental | բալախով (balaxov) | բալախներով (balaxnerov) | ||
locative | բալախում (balaxum) | բալախներում (balaxnerum) | ||
definite forms | ||||
nominative | բալախը/բալախն (balaxə/balaxn) | բալախները/բալախներն (balaxnerə/balaxnern) | ||
dative | բալախին (balaxin) | բալախներին (balaxnerin) | ||
1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
nominative | բալախս (balaxs) | բալախներս (balaxners) | ||
dative | բալախիս (balaxis) | բալախներիս (balaxneris) | ||
ablative | բալախիցս (balaxicʻs) | բալախներիցս (balaxnericʻs) | ||
instrumental | բալախովս (balaxovs) | բալախներովս (balaxnerovs) | ||
locative | բալախումս (balaxums) | բալախներումս (balaxnerums) | ||
2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
nominative | բալախդ (balaxd) | բալախներդ (balaxnerd) | ||
dative | բալախիդ (balaxid) | բալախներիդ (balaxnerid) | ||
ablative | բալախիցդ (balaxicʻd) | բալախներիցդ (balaxnericʻd) | ||
instrumental | բալախովդ (balaxovd) | բալախներովդ (balaxnerovd) | ||
locative | բալախումդ (balaxumd) | բալախներումդ (balaxnerumd) |
Derived terms
[edit]- ձարաբալախ (jarabalax)
- բալախ եվրոպական (balax evropakan), բալախ խոտանման (balax xotanman, “common glasswort, Salicornia europaea”)
See also
[edit]- խաճին (xačin)
Further reading
[edit]- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1913) “բալախ”, in Hayerēn gawaṙakan baṙaran [Armenian Provincial Dictionary] (Ēminean azgagrakan žoġovacu; 9) (in Armenian), Tiflis: Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages, pages 164b, 1061a
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “բալախ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 387–388
- Ališan, Ġewond (1895) “բալախ”, in Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʻiwn [Armenian Botany] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 278, pages 74–75
- Amatuni, Sahak (1912) “փալախ”, in Hayocʻ baṙ u ban [Armenian Words and Idioms] (in Armenian), Vagharshapat: Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, page 647a
- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836) “բալախ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 423b
- Ayvazyan H. M. et al., editors (2006), “բալախ”, in Hayastani bnašxarh [Nature of Armenia] (Əntanekan hanragitaran matenašar; 3) (in Armenian), Yerevan: Armenian Encyclopaedia, page 215a
- Caturyan, Tʻ. G. (1970) “Salicornia”, in Astvacatryan Z. A., editor, Buyseri anunneri latineren-hayeren-ṙuseren baṙaran [Latin–Armenian–Russian Dictionary of Plant Names], 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, § 1074, page 101
- Ġazaryan, Ṙuben (1981) “բալախ”, in Busanunneri hayeren-latineren-ṙuseren-angleren-franseren-germaneren baṙaran [Armenian–Latin–Russian–English–French–German Dictionary of Plant Names], Yerevan: University Press, § 130, page 15b
- Ṙewazova, L. V., Musayelyan, M. S. (1997) “Salicornia europaea”, in Gabrielyan Ē. Cʻ., editor, Deġatu buyseri anunneri latineren-ṙuseren-hayeren baṙaran [Latin–Russian–Armenian Dictionary of Medicinal Plant Names], Yerevan: Yerevan State Medical University, § 817, page 97b
- Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2010), “փալախոտ”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume VI, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 332
Middle Armenian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Armenian բալախ (balax).
Noun
[edit]բալախ • (balax)
- common glasswort (Salicornia europaea)
- 1478 – 1492, Amirdovlatʻ Amasiacʻi, Angitacʻ anpēt [Useless for Ignoramuses] :
- Բալախ· որ է օշնան․ եւ յիշած է ի վերայ այբին իւր համարն, Աստուծով։
- Balax· or ē ōšnan; ew yišac ē i veray aybin iwr hamarn, Astucov.
- Balax — which is the ōšnan; it is mentioned under its number at [the letter] ayb, with God.
- Բալախ· որ է օշնան․ եւ յիշած է ի վերայ այբին իւր համարն, Աստուծով։
Derived terms
[edit]- բալախահակ (balaxahak)
Descendants
[edit]- Armenian: բալախ (balax)
Further reading
[edit]- Ališan, Ġewond (1895) “բալախ”, in Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʻiwn [Armenian Botany] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 278, pages 74–75
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “բալախ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 387–388
- Vardanjan, Stella (1990) Амирдовлат Амасиаци, Ненужное для неучей (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, pages 87, 593
Old Armenian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]The origin is uncertain. Ačaṙyan derived from Georgian ბალახი (balaxi, “grass”), and this is usually followed by later Armenian sources. On the other hand, Klimov / Xalilov derive the Georgian word itself from Armenian.
Noun
[edit]բալախ • (balax)
- common glasswort (Salicornia europaea)
- Varkʻ srbocʻ harancʾ [Paterica] II.540:
- Ոչխարն առնու ճարակ ի խոտոյ անտի զբարիոք դալարիս, ապա եւ ճարակի զբալախ անապատի․ եւ յորժամ խոստանայ ի փշոց անտի, որոճայ զդալարին եւ քաղցրանայ բերան իւր, եւ դադարէ թոյնք փշոցն։
- Očʻxarn aṙnu čarak i xotoy anti zbariokʻ dalaris, apa ew čaraki zbalax anapati; ew yoržam xostanay i pʻšocʻ anti, oročay zdalarin ew kʻałcʻranay beran iwr, ew dadarē tʻoynkʻ pʻšocʻn.
- Ոչխարն առնու ճարակ ի խոտոյ անտի զբարիոք դալարիս, ապա եւ ճարակի զբալախ անապատի․ եւ յորժամ խոստանայ ի փշոց անտի, որոճայ զդալարին եւ քաղցրանայ բերան իւր, եւ դադարէ թոյնք փշոցն։
Declension
[edit]unknown type
Descendants
[edit]- Middle Armenian: բալախ (balax)
Further reading
[edit]- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “բալախ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 387–388
- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836) “բալախ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 423b
- Bläsing, Uwe (1992) Armenisches Lehngut im Türkeitürkischen am Beispiel von Hemşin (Dutch Studies in Armenian Language and Literature; 2) (in German), Amsterdam and Atlanta: Rodopi, § 101, pages 64–65
- Dankoff, Robert (1995) Armenian Loanwords in Turkish (Turcologica; 21), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, § 41, page 24
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “բալախ²”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 112
- Klimov, G. A., Xalilov, M. Š. (2003) Словарь кавказских языков. Сопоставление основной лексики [Dictionary of Caucasian Languages. A comparison of the Basic Vocabulary] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, →ISBN, pages 218, 221
- Ġazarean, Ṙubēn (2000) “բալախ²”, in G. B. Tʻosunean, editor, Grabari baṙaran [Dictionary of Old Armenian] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 251a
Etymology 2
[edit]The origin is unknown.[1][2] Compare dialectal Azerbaijani palax, yeryapalağı (“short”).
Adjective
[edit]բալախ • (balax)
- worthless, light, contemptible
- Synonym: սնոտի (snoti)
- 5th century, Ephrem the Syrian, Meknutʻiwn Awetarani hamabarbaṙ , (1836 edition, page 93):
- Զոր օրինակ ոչ էր նա եղէգն բալախ, և ոչ հանդերձ փափկութան զգեցեալ էր։
- Zor ōrinak očʻ ēr na ełēgn balax, ew očʻ handerj pʻapʻkutʻan zgecʻeal ēr.
- Զոր օրինակ ոչ էր նա եղէգն բալախ, և ոչ հանդերձ փափկութան զգեցեալ էր։
Usage notes
[edit]In the only attested passages the adjective refers to bread (alluding to Numbers 21:5 in the Bible) and to a reed.
References
[edit]- ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “բալախ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 387ab
- ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “բալախ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 112b
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- Armenian terms inherited from Old Armenian
- Armenian terms derived from Old Armenian
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- hy:Caryophyllales order plants
- hy:Grasses
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