השתחוה

Hebrew

Etymology

From the root ח־ו־ה or ח־י־ה as either the only remnant of a hishtaph'el binyan (compare the Arabic cognate binyan Form X استفعل (istaf’ala), which remains highly productive in Arabic)—in which case cognate with Ugaritic 𐎅𐎌𐎚𐎈𐎆𐎊 (hštḥwy)—or borrowed from the Ugaritic word. Later reanalyzed as being a hithpa'lel form of the root ש־ח־ה (“bow down”).

Pronunciation

• (Biblical Hebrew) IPA^(key): /hiʃ.taħˈwaː/
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /hiʃ.ta.ħăˈvɔː/ [hiʃ.taː.ħaˈvɔː]
• (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA^(key): /hiʃ.ta.ħəˈwɔ/ [hiʃ.tæː.ħæˈwɔː]
• (Sephardi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /hiʃ.ta.χaˈva/ (West), /hiʃ.ta.ħaˈwa/ (East)
• (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /hiʃ.ta.χaˈvɔ/
• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /hiʃ.ta.χaˈva/

Verb

הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה / השתחווה • (hishtakhavá) (hitpa'el construction)

1. to bow
2. to bow down, to prostrate oneself

Conjugation

Conjugation of הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)

non-finite forms		to-infinitive		לְהִשְׁתַּחֲווֹת
		action noun		הִשְׁתַּחֲווּת
finite forms		singular		plural
		m	f	m	f
past	first	הִשְׁתַּחֲוֵיתִי		הִשְׁתַּחֲוֵינוּ
	second	הִשְׁתַּחֲוֵיתָ	הִשְׁתַּחֲוֵית	הִשְׁתַּחֲוֵיתֶם	הִשְׁתַּחֲוֵיתֶן
	third	הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה	הִשְׁתַּחַוְתָה	הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ
present		מִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה	מִשְׁתַּחֲוָה	מִשְׁתַּחֲוִים	מִשְׁתַּחֲווֹת
future	first	אֶשְׁתַּחֲוֶה		נִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה
	second	תִּשְׁתַּחֲוֶה	תִּשְׁתַּחֲוִי	תִּשְׁתַּחֲווּ	תִּשְׁתַּחֲוֶינָה1
	third	יִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה	תִּשְׁתַּחֲוֶה	יִשְׁתַּחֲווּ	תִּשְׁתַּחֲוֶינָה1
imperative	positive	הִשְׁתַּחֲוֵה	הִשְׁתַּחֲוִי	הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ	הִשְׁתַּחֲוֶינָה1
	negative	אַל + Second person future tense

¹ Rare in Modern Hebrew.