תפוח
Appearance
Hebrew
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]Uncertain; if derived from a verbal root then either named after its scent and deriving from the root נָפַח (nafákh, “to blow, to scent”) (see Song of Songs 7:9 below, where apples are praised for their pleasant fragrance), or alternatively from תָּפַח (tafákh, “to swell, i.e. to become round”), which is based on the round shape of an apple. Cognates include Arabic تُفَّاح (tuffāḥ) and Ugaritic 𐎚𐎔𐎈 (tpḥ); the word is not attested in Aramaic.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA(key): [taˈpːuːwaħ]
- (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA(key): /taˈpuaχ/
Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]תַּפּוּחַ • (tapúakh) m (plural indefinite תַּפּוּחִים, singular construct תַּפּוּחַ־, plural construct תַּפּוּחֵי־)
- apple
- Tanach, Song of Songs 7:9, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- אָמַרְתִּי אֶעֱלֶה בְתָמָר אֹחֲזָה בְּסַנְסִנָּיו וְיִהְיוּ־נָא שָׁדַיִךְ כְּאֶשְׁכְּלוֹת הַגֶּפֶן וְרֵיחַ אַפֵּךְ כַּתַּפּוּחִים׃
- I said: ‘I will climb up into the palm-tree, I will take hold of the branches thereof; and let thy breasts be as clusters of the vine, And the smell of thy countenance [i.e. breath] like apples;
- apple tree, tree of the genus Malus.
- Tanach, Song of Songs 2:3, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- כְּתַפּוּחַ בַּעֲצֵי הַיַּעַר כֵּן דּוֹדִי בֵּין הַבָּנִים בְּצִלּוֹ חִמַּדְתִּי וְיָשַׁבְתִּי וּפִרְיוֹ מָתוֹק לְחִכִּי׃
- As an apple-tree among the trees of the wood, So is my beloved among the sons. Under its shadow I delighted to sit, And its fruit was sweet to my taste.
Declension
[edit]isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number: | State: | form | Person: | singular | plural | ||
m | f | m | f | ||||
singular | indefinite | תַּפּוּחַ | first | תַּפּוּחִי | תַּפּוּחֵנוּ | ||
definite | הַתַּפּוּחַ | second | תַּפּוּחֲךָ | תַּפּוּחֵךְ | תַּפּוּחֲכֶם | תַּפּוּחֲכֶן | |
construct | תַּפּוּחַ־ | third | תַּפּוּחוֹ | תַּפּוּחָהּ | תַּפּוּחָם | תַּפּוּחָן | |
plural | indefinite | תַּפּוּחִים | first | תפוחיי / תַּפּוּחַי | תַּפּוּחֵינוּ | ||
definite | הַתַּפּוּחִים | second | תַּפּוּחֶיךָ | תפוחייך / תַּפּוּחַיִךְ | תַּפּוּחֵיכֶם | תַּפּוּחֵיכֶן | |
construct | תַּפּוּחֵי־ | third | תַּפּוּחָיו | תַּפּוּחֶיהָ | תַּפּוּחֵיהֶם | תַּפּוּחֵיהֶן |
Synonyms
[edit]- תַּפּוּחַ עֵץ (tapúakh éts)
Derived terms
[edit]- תַּפּוּז (tapúz, “orange”)
- תַּפּוּחַ אֲדָמָה (tapúakh adamá, “potato”)
References
[edit]- H8598 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Klein, Ernest (1987) “תַּפּוּחַ”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English[1], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 712a
- “תפוח” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
- Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature[2], London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 1685a
- Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden[3] (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 212–235
- Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen[4] (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, , pages 155–156
Further reading
[edit]תפוח on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia he