حرباء
Arabic
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]- From حَرْبَة (ḥarba, “dart, javelin; weapon in a general sense”) from the root ح ر ب (ḥ r b); likely a reference to the projectile-like tongue of a chameleon. Cognate with Akkadian 𒁇𒁯𒁯𒉡 (/ḫurbabillu/, “chameleon”) and Eblaite 𒄯𒁀𒌝 (ḫur.ba.um, “chameleon”).
- Deriving from the root ح ر ب (ḥ r b) in the sense of "becoming enraged or to grow agitated", as the changing of color is used idiomatically to denote changes in states or moods in Semitic Languages.
- Alternatively, philologist Georg Freytag lists it as from a Persian خربا (xorbâ) (> خوربان (xwarbân, “sun-keeper”)), giving the meaning “guardian of the sun”; perhaps related to Persian آفتابپرست (âftâb-parast, “chameleon”, literally “sun-worshiper”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]حِرْبَاء • (ḥirbāʔ) m (plural حَرَابِيّ (ḥarābiyy))
Declension
[edit]| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | حِرْبَاء ḥirbāʔ |
الْحِرْبَاء al-ḥirbāʔ |
حِرْبَاء ḥirbāʔ |
| nominative | حِرْبَاءٌ ḥirbāʔun |
الْحِرْبَاءُ al-ḥirbāʔu |
حِرْبَاءُ ḥirbāʔu |
| accusative | حِرْبَاءً ḥirbāʔan |
الْحِرْبَاءَ al-ḥirbāʔa |
حِرْبَاءَ ḥirbāʔa |
| genitive | حِرْبَاءٍ ḥirbāʔin |
الْحِرْبَاءِ al-ḥirbāʔi |
حِرْبَاءِ ḥirbāʔi |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | حِرْبَاءَيْن ḥirbāʔayn |
الْحِرْبَاءَيْن al-ḥirbāʔayn |
حِرْبَاءَيْ ḥirbāʔay |
| nominative | حِرْبَاءَانِ ḥirbāʔāni |
الْحِرْبَاءَانِ al-ḥirbāʔāni |
حِرْبَاءَا ḥirbāʔā |
| accusative | حِرْبَاءَيْنِ ḥirbāʔayni |
الْحِرْبَاءَيْنِ al-ḥirbāʔayni |
حِرْبَاءَيْ ḥirbāʔay |
| genitive | حِرْبَاءَيْنِ ḥirbāʔayni |
الْحِرْبَاءَيْنِ al-ḥirbāʔayni |
حِرْبَاءَيْ ḥirbāʔay |
| plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | حَرَابِي ḥarābī |
الْحَرَابِي al-ḥarābī |
حَرَابِي ḥarābī |
| nominative | حَرَابِيٌّ ḥarābiyyun |
الْحَرَابِيُّ al-ḥarābiyyu |
حَرَابِيُّ ḥarābiyyu |
| accusative | حَرَابِيًّا ḥarābiyyan |
الْحَرَابِيَّ al-ḥarābiyya |
حَرَابِيَّ ḥarābiyya |
| genitive | حَرَابِيٍّ ḥarābiyyin |
الْحَرَابِيِّ al-ḥarābiyyi |
حَرَابِيِّ ḥarābiyyi |
Synonyms
[edit]- جَمَل اليَهُود (jamal al-yahūd, literally “Jews' camel”)
References
[edit]- Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “خربا”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press.
- Freytag, Georg (1830), “حرباء”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 361
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “حرباء”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[2] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 403
- Lane, Edward William (1863-1893), “حرباء”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 540–541.
- Black, Jeremy; George, Andrew; Postgate, Nicholas (2000), “حرباء”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, via the electronic Babylonian Library, page 121
- Leonid Kogan (2006), Animal Names: 4.3. Lizards in Babel und Bibel 3: Annual of Ancient Near Eastern, Old Testament, and Semitic Studies, Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns in conjunction with the Russian State University for Humanities, page 298, note 177