خس

See also: چش, حس, چس, and خش

Arabic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xas.sa/

Etymology 1

Root
خ س س (ḵ s s)
4 terms

Verb

خَسَّ • (ḵassa) I (non-past يَخُسُّ (yaḵussu), verbal noun خَسّ (ḵass) or خِسَّة (ḵissa) or خَسَاسَة (ḵasāsa))

1. to be or become vile, mean, lowly, contemptible

Conjugation

    Conjugation of خَسَّ (I, geminate, a ~ u, no passive, verbal nouns خَسّ, خِسَّة, خَسَاسَة)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						خَسّ, خِسَّة, خَسَاسَة ḵass, ḵissa, ḵasāsa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						خَاسّ ḵāss
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	خَسَسْتُ ḵasastu	خَسَسْتَ ḵasasta	خَسَّ ḵassa		خَسَسْتُمَا ḵasastumā	خَسَّا ḵassā		خَسَسْنَا ḵasasnā	خَسَسْتُمْ ḵasastum	خَسُّوا ḵassū
	f		خَسَسْتِ ḵasasti	خَسَّتْ ḵassat			خَسَّتَا ḵassatā			خَسَسْتُنَّ ḵasastunna	خَسَسْنَ ḵasasna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَخُسُّ ʔaḵussu	تَخُسُّ taḵussu	يَخُسُّ yaḵussu		تَخُسَّانِ taḵussāni	يَخُسَّانِ yaḵussāni		نَخُسُّ naḵussu	تَخُسُّونَ taḵussūna	يَخُسُّونَ yaḵussūna
	f		تَخُسِّينَ taḵussīna	تَخُسُّ taḵussu			تَخُسَّانِ taḵussāni			تَخْسُسْنَ taḵsusna	يَخْسُسْنَ yaḵsusna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَخُسَّ ʔaḵussa	تَخُسَّ taḵussa	يَخُسَّ yaḵussa		تَخُسَّا taḵussā	يَخُسَّا yaḵussā		نَخُسَّ naḵussa	تَخُسُّوا taḵussū	يَخُسُّوا yaḵussū
	f		تَخُسِّي taḵussī	تَخُسَّ taḵussa			تَخُسَّا taḵussā			تَخْسُسْنَ taḵsusna	يَخْسُسْنَ yaḵsusna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَخُسَّ, أَخُسِّ, أَخْسُسْ ʔaḵussa, ʔaḵussi, ʔaḵsus	تَخُسَّ, تَخُسِّ, تَخْسُسْ taḵussa, taḵussi, taḵsus	يَخُسَّ, يَخُسِّ, يَخْسُسْ yaḵussa, yaḵussi, yaḵsus		تَخُسَّا taḵussā	يَخُسَّا yaḵussā		نَخُسَّ, نَخُسِّ, نَخْسُسْ naḵussa, naḵussi, naḵsus	تَخُسُّوا taḵussū	يَخُسُّوا yaḵussū
	f		تَخُسِّي taḵussī	تَخُسَّ, تَخُسِّ, تَخْسُسْ taḵussa, taḵussi, taḵsus			تَخُسَّا taḵussā			تَخْسُسْنَ taḵsusna	يَخْسُسْنَ yaḵsusna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		خُسَّ, خُسِّ, اُخْسُسْ ḵussa, ḵussi, uḵsus			خُسَّا ḵussā				خُسُّوا ḵussū
	f		خُسِّي ḵussī							اُخْسُسْنَ uḵsusna

Etymology 2

From Aramaic חַסָּא (ḥassā), from Akkadian 𒌑𒄭𒄑𒊬 (ḫassū, “lettuce”), from Sumerian 𒄭𒄑𒊬 (ḫi-iz^sar /⁠hiz⁠/, “lettuce”); cognates with Classical Syriac ܚ̈ܲܣܸܐ (ḥassā) and Hebrew חַסָּה (ḥássā). Note also Old Armenian հազար (hazar).

Noun

خَسّ • (ḵass) m (collective, singulative خَسَّة f (ḵassa))

1. lettuce (Lactuca gen. and Lactuca sativa in particular)

Declension

Declension of noun خَسّ (ḵass)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَسّ ḵass	الْخَسّ al-ḵass	خَسّ ḵass
Nominative	خَسٌّ ḵassun	الْخَسُّ al-ḵassu	خَسُّ ḵassu
Accusative	خَسًّا ḵassan	الْخَسَّ al-ḵassa	خَسَّ ḵassa
Genitive	خَسٍّ ḵassin	الْخَسِّ al-ḵassi	خَسِّ ḵassi
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَسَّة ḵassa	الْخَسَّة al-ḵassa	خَسَّة ḵassat
Nominative	خَسَّةٌ ḵassatun	الْخَسَّةُ al-ḵassatu	خَسَّةُ ḵassatu
Accusative	خَسَّةً ḵassatan	الْخَسَّةَ al-ḵassata	خَسَّةَ ḵassata
Genitive	خَسَّةٍ ḵassatin	الْخَسَّةِ al-ḵassati	خَسَّةِ ḵassati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَسَّتَيْن ḵassatayn	الْخَسَّتَيْن al-ḵassatayn	خَسَّتَيْ ḵassatay
Nominative	خَسَّتَانِ ḵassatāni	الْخَسَّتَانِ al-ḵassatāni	خَسَّتَا ḵassatā
Accusative	خَسَّتَيْنِ ḵassatayni	الْخَسَّتَيْنِ al-ḵassatayni	خَسَّتَيْ ḵassatay
Genitive	خَسَّتَيْنِ ḵassatayni	الْخَسَّتَيْنِ al-ḵassatayni	خَسَّتَيْ ḵassatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَسَّات ḵassāt	الْخَسَّات al-ḵassāt	خَسَّات ḵassāt
Nominative	خَسَّاتٌ ḵassātun	الْخَسَّاتُ al-ḵassātu	خَسَّاتُ ḵassātu
Accusative	خَسَّاتٍ ḵassātin	الْخَسَّاتِ al-ḵassāti	خَسَّاتِ ḵassāti
Genitive	خَسَّاتٍ ḵassātin	الْخَسَّاتِ al-ḵassāti	خَسَّاتِ ḵassāti

Alternative forms

• خَصّ (ḵaṣṣ)

Descendants

• Maltese: ħass
• Moroccan Arabic: خس (ḵuss)
• South Levantine Arabic: خس (ḵass)
• → Old Galician-Portuguese: alfaça
  • Portuguese: alface

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic خَسّ (ḵass).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xusː/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

خس • (ḵuss) m (collective, singulative خسة f (ḵussa), paucal خسات (ḵussāt))

1. lettuce

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic خَسّ (ḵass).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xass/, [xas]

• Audio (Bethlehem):

  (file)

Noun

خسّ • (ḵass) m (collective, singulative خسّة f (ḵasse), paucal خاسّات (ḵassāt))

1. (uncountable) lettuce