قفص

Arabic

قَفَص

Etymology

From Aramaic קוּפְסָא (qūp̄ṣā) /‎ ܩܰܦܣܳܐ (qap̄ṣā, “cage”), from Ancient Greek κάψος (kápsos) or Latin capsus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qa.fasˤ/ or obsolete IPA^(key): /qufsˤ/

Noun

قَفَص or قُفْص • (qafaṣ or qufṣ) m (plural أَقْفَاص (ʔaqfāṣ))

1. cage, birdcage, pen, coop
2. basket, particularly if it is similar in mould to a cage

   Synonym: سَلَّة (salla)

3. thorax

Declension

Declension of noun قَفَص (qafaṣ)‎; قُفْص (qufṣ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَفَص‎; قُفْص qafaṣ‎; qufṣ	الْقَفَص‎; الْقُفْص al-qafaṣ‎; al-qufṣ	قَفَص‎; قُفْص qafaṣ‎; qufṣ
Nominative	قَفَصٌ‎; قُفْصٌ qafaṣun‎; qufṣun	الْقَفَصُ‎; الْقُفْصُ al-qafaṣu‎; al-qufṣu	قَفَصُ‎; قُفْصُ qafaṣu‎; qufṣu
Accusative	قَفَصًا‎; قُفْصًا qafaṣan‎; qufṣan	الْقَفَصَ‎; الْقُفْصَ al-qafaṣa‎; al-qufṣa	قَفَصَ‎; قُفْصَ qafaṣa‎; qufṣa
Genitive	قَفَصٍ‎; قُفْصٍ qafaṣin‎; qufṣin	الْقَفَصِ‎; الْقُفْصِ al-qafaṣi‎; al-qufṣi	قَفَصِ‎; قُفْصِ qafaṣi‎; qufṣi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَفَصَيْن‎; قُفْصَيْن qafaṣayn‎; qufṣayn	الْقَفَصَيْن‎; الْقُفْصَيْن al-qafaṣayn‎; al-qufṣayn	قَفَصَيْ‎; قُفْصَيْ qafaṣay‎; qufṣay
Nominative	قَفَصَانِ‎; قُفْصَانِ qafaṣāni‎; qufṣāni	الْقَفَصَانِ‎; الْقُفْصَانِ al-qafaṣāni‎; al-qufṣāni	قَفَصَا‎; قُفْصَا qafaṣā‎; qufṣā
Accusative	قَفَصَيْنِ‎; قُفْصَيْنِ qafaṣayni‎; qufṣayni	الْقَفَصَيْنِ‎; الْقُفْصَيْنِ al-qafaṣayni‎; al-qufṣayni	قَفَصَيْ‎; قُفْصَيْ qafaṣay‎; qufṣay
Genitive	قَفَصَيْنِ‎; قُفْصَيْنِ qafaṣayni‎; qufṣayni	الْقَفَصَيْنِ‎; الْقُفْصَيْنِ al-qafaṣayni‎; al-qufṣayni	قَفَصَيْ‎; قُفْصَيْ qafaṣay‎; qufṣay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَقْفَاص ʔaqfāṣ	الْأَقْفَاص al-ʔaqfāṣ	أَقْفَاص ʔaqfāṣ
Nominative	أَقْفَاصٌ ʔaqfāṣun	الْأَقْفَاصُ al-ʔaqfāṣu	أَقْفَاصُ ʔaqfāṣu
Accusative	أَقْفَاصًا ʔaqfāṣan	الْأَقْفَاصَ al-ʔaqfāṣa	أَقْفَاصَ ʔaqfāṣa
Genitive	أَقْفَاصٍ ʔaqfāṣin	الْأَقْفَاصِ al-ʔaqfāṣi	أَقْفَاصِ ʔaqfāṣi

Descendants

• Gulf Arabic: قفص (gʊfəṣ)
• → Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: قەفەس (qefes), قەفەز (qefez)

  Northern Kurdish: qefes

  Southern Kurdish: قەفەس (qefes), قەفەز (qefez)

• → Persian: قفس (qafas)
  • → Azerbaijani: qəfəs
  • → Gujarati: કફસ (kaphas)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: क़फ़स (qafas)

    Urdu: قَفَس (qafas)

  • → Uyghur: قەپەز (qepez)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: قفس (kafes)
    • Turkish: kafes
    • → Albanian: kafaz
    • → Armenian: խաֆես (xafes), կաֆաս (kafas)
    • → Bulgarian: кафе́з (kaféz)
    • → Crimean Tatar: qafes
    • → Greek: καφάσι (kafási), καφασωτός (kafasotós)
    • → Macedonian: кафез (kafez)
    • → Serbo-Croatian:

      Cyrillic script: ка̀вез

      Latin script: kàvez

References

• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 118–119
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “قفص”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate, page 2551