कल्पना

Hindi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH-?

Sanskrit कॢप् (kḷp)

Sanskrit -अना (-anā)

Sanskrit कल्पना (kalpanā)lbor.

Hindi कल्पना

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कल्पना (kalpanā).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /kəl.pə.nɑː/, [kɐl.pɐ.näː]

Noun

कल्पना • (kalpanā) f

1. imagination
2. hypothesis, guess

Declension

Declension of कल्पना (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	कल्पना kalpanā	कल्पनाएँ kalpanāẽ
oblique	कल्पना kalpanā	कल्पनाओं kalpanāõ
vocative	कल्पना kalpanā	कल्पनाओ kalpanāo

Proper noun

कल्पना • (kalpanā) f

1. a female given name, Kalpana, from Sanskrit

Declension

Declension of कल्पना (sg-only fem ā-stem)

	singular
direct	कल्पना kalpanā
oblique	कल्पना kalpanā
vocative	कल्पना kalpanā

Derived terms

• अकल्पनीय (akalpanīya, “unimaginable”)
• कल्पना करना (kalpanā karnā, “to imagine”)
• कल्पना से (kalpanā se, “conjecturally”)
• कल्पनातीत (kalpanātīt, “inconceivable”)
• कल्पनात्मक (kalpanātmak, “imaginative”)
• कल्पनादर्श (kalpanādarś)
• कल्पनापूर्ण (kalpanāpūrṇ, “full of imagination”)
• कल्पनामय (kalpanāmay, “dreamy, fanciful”)
• कल्पनाशील (kalpanāśīl, “imaginative”)
• कल्पनीय (kalpanīya, “imaginable”)
• काल्पनिक (kālpanik, “imaginary”)
• काल्पनिकता (kālpaniktā)
• परिकल्पना (parikalpanā)
• परिकल्पना करना (parikalpanā karnā, “to hypothesize”)
• परिकल्पनात्मक (parikalpanātmak)
• प्राक्कल्पना (prākkalpanā, “hypothesis”)
• संकल्पना (saṅkalpanā)

References

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “कल्पना”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 856
• Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “कल्पना”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 124
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “कल्पना”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 180
• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “कल्पना”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 97.

Marathi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH-?

Sanskrit कॢप् (kḷp)

Sanskrit -अना (-anā)

Sanskrit कल्पना (kalpanā)bor.

Old Marathi 𑘎𑘩𑘿𑘢𑘡𑘰 (kalpanā)

Marathi कल्पना

Borrowed from Sanskrit कल्पना (kalpanā). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘎𑘩𑘿𑘢𑘡𑘰 (kalpanā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kəl.pə.na/

Noun

कल्पना • (kalpanā) f

1. imagination

   त्याच्या कल्पनेतून ही कथा जन्माला आली.

   tyācyā kalpanetūn hī kathā janmālā ālī.

   This story was born from his imagination.

2. notion, impression, idea

   Synonyms: संकल्पना (saṅkalpanā), धारणा (dhārṇā)

   तो प्रत्यक्ष भेटल्यावर त्याच्याबद्दलची माझी कल्पनाच बदलली.

   to pratyakṣa bheṭalyāvar tyācyābaddalcī mājhī kalpanāca badallī.

   My whole impression of him changed after meeting him in person.

3. supposition, assumption

   Synonyms: समजूत (samjūt), समज (samaj)

   त्याची अशी कल्पना होती की आपण नक्की जिंकू.

   tyācī aśī kalpanā hotī kī āpaṇ nakkī jiṅkū.

   He had the assumption that we would definitely win.

4. awareness, knowledge

   Synonyms: जाणीव (jāṇīv), माहिती (māhitī)

   मला याची अजिबात कल्पना नव्हती.

   malā yācī ajibāt kalpanā navhatī.

   I had absolutely no knowledge of this.

5. illusory impression, misapprehension

   Synonyms: भ्रम (bhram), भास (bhās), आभास (ābhās), माया (māyā)

   अंधारात दोरीची साप असल्याची कल्पना झाली.

   andhārāt dorīcī sāp asalyācī kalpanā jhālī.

   In the darkness, the rope gave the illusory impression of being a snake.

Declension

Declension of कल्पना (fem ā-stem)

	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	कल्पना kalpanā	कल्पना kalpanā
oblique सामान्यरूप	कल्पने kalpane	कल्पनां- kalpanāṁ
accusative / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	कल्पनेला kalpanelā	कल्पनांना kalpanāṁnā
ergative	कल्पनेने, कल्पनेनं kalpanene, kalpanena	कल्पनांनी kalpanāṁnī
instrumental	कल्पनेशी kalpaneśī	कल्पनांशी kalpanāṁśī
locative सप्तमी	कल्पनेत kalpanet	कल्पनांत kalpanāṁta
vocative संबोधन	कल्पने kalpane	कल्पनांनो kalpanāṁno

Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of कल्पना (fem ā-stem)

	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	कल्पनेचा kalpanecā	कल्पनेचे kalpanece	कल्पनेची kalpanecī	कल्पनेच्या kalpanecyā	कल्पनेचे, कल्पनेचं kalpanece, kalpaneca	कल्पनेची kalpanecī	कल्पनेच्या kalpanecyā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	कल्पनांचा kalpanāṁcā	कल्पनांचे kalpanāṁce	कल्पनांची kalpanāṁcī	कल्पनांच्या kalpanāṁcyā	कल्पनांचे, कल्पनांचं kalpanāṁce, kalpanāṁca	कल्पनांची kalpanāṁcī	कल्पनांच्या kalpanāṁcyā

^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• अकल्पनीय (akalpanīy)
• कल्पना करणे (kalpanā karṇe)
• कल्पना बांधणे (kalpanā bāndhṇe)
• कल्पनाजाल (kalpanājāl)
• कल्पनातीत (kalpanātīt)
• कल्पनात्मक (kalpanātmak)
• कल्पनाबंध (kalpanābandha)
• कल्पनाबाज (kalpanābāj)
• कल्पनारूप (kalpanārūp)
• कल्पनाशक्ती (kalpanāśaktī)
• कल्पनीय (kalpanīy)
• काल्पनिक (kālpanik)
• काल्पनिकता (kālpaniktā)
• संकल्पना (saṅkalpanā)

Proper noun

कल्पना • (kalpanā) f

1. a female given name, Kalpana, from Sanskrit

References

More information

Further reading

• Shankar Gopal Tulpule; Anne Feldhaus (1999), “कल्पना”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• কল্পনা (Assamese script)
• ᬓᬮ᭄ᬧᬦᬵ (Balinese script)
• কল্পনা (Bengali script)
• 𑰎𑰩𑰿𑰢𑰡𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀧𑀦𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• ကလ္ပနာ (Burmese script)
• કલ્પના (Gujarati script)
• ਕਲ੍ਪਨਾ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌕𑌲𑍍𑌪𑌨𑌾 (Grantha script)
• ꦏꦭ꧀ꦥꦤꦴ (Javanese script)
• 𑂍𑂪𑂹𑂣𑂢𑂰 (Kaithi script)
• ಕಲ್ಪನಾ (Kannada script)
• កល្បនា (Khmer script)
• ກລ຺ປນາ (Lao script)
• കല്പനാ (Malayalam script)
• ᡬᠠᠯᢒᠠᠨᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
• 𑘎𑘩𑘿𑘢𑘡𑘰 (Modi script)
• ᢉᠠᠯᢒᠠᠨᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦮𑧉𑧠𑧂𑧁𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐎𑐮𑑂𑐥𑐣𑐵 (Newa script)
• କଲ୍ପନା (Odia script)
• ꢒꢭ꣄ꢦꢥꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆑𑆬𑇀𑆥𑆤𑆳 (Sharada script)
• 𑖎𑖩𑖿𑖢𑖡𑖯 (Siddham script)
• කල‍්පනා (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩜𑩽 𑪙𑩰𑩯𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚊𑚥𑚶𑚞𑚝𑚭 (Takri script)
• கல்பநா (Tamil script)
• కల్పనా (Telugu script)
• กลฺปนา (Thai script)
• ཀ་ལྤ་ནཱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒏𑒪𑓂𑒣𑒢𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨋𑨬𑩇𑨞𑨝𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH-?

Sanskrit कॢप् (kḷp)

Sanskrit -अना (-anā)

Sanskrit कल्पना

From the root कॢप् (kḷp) +‎ -अना (-anā).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /kɐl̪.pɐ.n̪ɑː/

Noun

कल्पना • (kalpanā) stem, f

1. making, manufacturing, preparing Suṡr. BhP.
2. practice Car.
3. fixing, settling, arranging Mn. ix, 116 Yājñ.
4. creating in the mind, feigning, assuming anything to be real, imagination KapS. &c.
5. hypothesis Nyāyam.
6. caparisoning an elephant Daṡ.
7. form, shape, image
8. a deed, work, act Mṛcch.

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of कल्पना

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	कल्पना (kalpanā)	कल्पने (kalpane)	कल्पनाः (kalpanāḥ)
accusative	कल्पनाम् (kalpanām)	कल्पने (kalpane)	कल्पनाः (kalpanāḥ)
instrumental	कल्पनया (kalpanayā)	कल्पनाभ्याम् (kalpanābhyām)	कल्पनाभिः (kalpanābhiḥ)
dative	कल्पनायै (kalpanāyai)	कल्पनाभ्याम् (kalpanābhyām)	कल्पनाभ्यः (kalpanābhyaḥ)
ablative	कल्पनायाः (kalpanāyāḥ)	कल्पनाभ्याम् (kalpanābhyām)	कल्पनाभ्यः (kalpanābhyaḥ)
genitive	कल्पनायाः (kalpanāyāḥ)	कल्पनयोः (kalpanayoḥ)	कल्पनानाम् (kalpanānām)
locative	कल्पनायाम् (kalpanāyām)	कल्पनयोः (kalpanayoḥ)	कल्पनासु (kalpanāsu)
vocative	कल्पने (kalpane)	कल्पने (kalpane)	कल्पनाः (kalpanāḥ)

Descendants

• Pali: kappanā (“fixing a horse's harness”)
• Prakrit: 𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀡𑀸 (kappaṇā, “arranging”)
• → Bengali: কল্পনা (kolpona)
• → Gujarati: કલ્પના (kalpanā)
• → Hindi: कल्पना (kalpanā)
• → Kannada: ಕಲ್ಪನೆ (kalpane)
• → Malayalam: കൽപ്പന (kalppana)
• → Old Marathi: 𑘎𑘩𑘿𑘢𑘡𑘰 (kalpanā)
  • → Marathi: कल्पना (kalpanā)
• → Tamil: கற்பனை (kaṟpaṉai)
• → Telugu: కల్పన (kalpana)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “कल्पना”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 263, column 1.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “kalpana”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 149
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2026), “kalpanā”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.