प्रभाति

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• প্ৰভাতি (Assamese script)
• ᬧ᭄ᬭᬪᬵᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
• প্রভাতি (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰿𑰨𑰥𑰯𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀪𑀸𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ပြဘာတိ (Burmese script)
• પ્રભાતિ (Gujarati script)
• ਪ੍ਰਭਾਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑍍𑌰𑌭𑌾𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦿꦨꦴꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂹𑂩𑂦𑂰𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಪ್ರಭಾತಿ (Kannada script)
• ប្រភាតិ (Khmer script)
• ປ຺ຣຠາຕິ (Lao script)
• പ്രഭാതി (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᡵᠠᢨᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘥𑘰𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠷᠠᠪᠾᠠᢗᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧠𑧈𑧅𑧑𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐨𑐵𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
• ପ୍ରଭାତି (Odia script)
• ꢦ꣄ꢬꢩꢵꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑇀𑆫𑆨𑆳𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖿𑖨𑖥𑖯𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
• ප්‍රභාති (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰 𑪙𑩼𑩳𑩛𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚶𑚤𑚡𑚭𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
• ப்ரப⁴ாதி (Tamil script)
• ప్రభాతి (Telugu script)
• ปฺรภาติ (Thai script)
• པྲ་བྷཱ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒦𑒰𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑩇𑨫𑨡𑨊𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From प्र- (pra-, “forwards”) +‎ भाति (bhā́ti, “to shine”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɾɐ.bʱɑː.ti/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pɾɐˈbʱɑː.t̪i/

Verb

प्रभाति • (prabhāti) third-singular indicative (class 2, type P, present, root प्रभा)

1. to shine forth, brighten, shine, gleam
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.121.7:

     स्वि॒ध्मा यद्व॒नधि॑तिरप॒स्यात्सूरो॑ अध्व॒रे परि॒ रोध॑ना॒ गोः ।
     यद्ध॑ प्र॒भासि॒ कृत्व्याँ॒ अनु॒ द्यूनन॑र्विशे प॒श्विषे॑ तु॒राय॑ ॥

     svidhmā́ yádvanádhitirapasyā́tsū́ro adhvaré pári ródhanā góḥ.
     yáddha prabhā́si kṛ́tvyām̐ ánu dyū́nánarviśe paśvíṣe turā́ya.

     When the bright-edged hatchet is ready for its work, the directing priest is able to have the victim bound in the sacrifice;
     when Indra, you shine upon the days that are appropriated to sacred rites, then (success attends) upon the man who goes with his cart, the driver (of cattle), or the active (shepherd).

2. to appear, seem, look like (with or without इव (iva, “like, as if”))
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata 4.11.10:

     इदं तवेष्टं यदि वै सुरोपम ब्रवीहि यत्ते प्रसमीक्षितं वसु ।
     न तेऽनुरूपं हयकर्म विद्यते प्रभासि राजेव हि सम्मतो मम ॥

     idaṃ taveṣṭaṃ yadi vai suropama bravīhi yatte prasamīkṣitaṃ vasu.
     na teʼnurūpaṃ hayakarma vidyate prabhāsi rājeva hi sammato mama.

     If this be your desire, O god-like one, tell me what remuneration is sought by you.
     This office of horse-training does not become you, because you look like a king and you are agreeable to me.

   • 200 BCE – 1200, Kāvya literature
3. to illuminate, enlighten
   • c. 600 BCE, Taittirīya Upaniṣad

Conjugation

Present: प्रभाति (prabhāti)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	प्रभाति prabhāti	प्रभातः prabhātaḥ	प्रभान्ति prabhānti	- -	- -	- -
Second	प्रभासि prabhāsi	प्रभाथः prabhāthaḥ	प्रभाथ prabhātha	- -	- -	- -
First	प्रभामि prabhāmi	प्रभावः prabhāvaḥ	प्रभामः / प्रभामसि¹ prabhāmaḥ / prabhāmasi¹	- -	- -	- -
Imperative
Third	प्रभातु prabhātu	प्रभाताम् prabhātām	प्रभान्तु prabhāntu	- -	- -	- -
Second	प्रभाहि prabhāhi	प्रभातम् prabhātam	प्रभात prabhāta	- -	- -	- -
First	प्रभाणि prabhāṇi	प्रभाव prabhāva	प्रभाम prabhāma	- -	- -	- -
Optative/Potential
Third	प्रभायात् prabhāyāt	प्रभायाताम् prabhāyātām	प्रभायुः prabhāyuḥ	- -	- -	- -
Second	प्रभायाः prabhāyāḥ	प्रभायातम् prabhāyātam	प्रभायात prabhāyāta	- -	- -	- -
First	प्रभायाम् prabhāyām	प्रभायाव prabhāyāva	प्रभायाम prabhāyāma	- -	- -	- -
Subjunctive
Third	प्रभात् / प्रभाति prabhāt / prabhāti	प्रभातः prabhātaḥ	प्रभान् prabhān	- -	- -	- -
Second	प्रभाः / प्रभासि prabhāḥ / prabhāsi	प्रभाथः prabhāthaḥ	प्रभाथ prabhātha	- -	- -	- -
First	प्रभाणि / प्रभा prabhāṇi / prabhā	प्रभाव prabhāva	प्रभाम prabhāma	- -	- -	- -
Participles
	प्रभात् prabhāt			- -
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: प्राभात् (prābhāt)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	प्राभात् prābhāt	प्राभाताम् prābhātām	प्राभुः / प्राभान् prābhuḥ / prābhān	- -	- -	- -
Second	प्राभाः prābhāḥ	प्राभातम् prābhātam	प्राभात prābhāta	- -	- -	- -
First	प्राभाम् prābhām	प्राभाव prābhāva	प्राभाम prābhāma	- -	- -	- -

Descendants

• Pali: pabhāti

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “प्रभाति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 683.