मधुर

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit मधुर (madhura).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /mə.d̪ʱʊɾ/, [mɐ.d̪ʱʊɾ]

Adjective

मधुर • (madhur) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling مدھر)

1. (formal) sweet, melodious, pleasant

   Synonyms: मीठा (mīṭhā), सुरीला (surīlā)

   तुम्हारा मधुर-वाक्य मुझे प्रभावित नहीं करता है।

   tumhārā madhur-vākya mujhe prabhāvit nahī̃ kartā hai.

   Your sweet words do not impress me.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মধুৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬥᬸᬭ (Balinese script)
• মধুর (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰠𑰲𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀥𑀼𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• မဓုရ (Burmese script)
• મધુર (Gujarati script)
• ਮਧੁਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑌧𑍁𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦣꦸꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂡𑂳𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಮಧುರ (Kannada script)
• មធុរ (Khmer script)
• ມຘຸຣ (Lao script)
• മധുര (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᠠᢡᡠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘠𑘳𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠠᢑᠾᠤᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧀𑧔𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐢𑐸𑐬 (Newa script)
• ମଧୁର (Odia script)
• ꢪꢤꢸꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆣𑆶𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖠𑖲𑖨 (Siddham script)
• මධුර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩮𑩒𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚜𑚰𑚤 (Takri script)
• மது⁴ர (Tamil script)
• మధుర (Telugu script)
• มธุร (Thai script)
• མ་དྷུ་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒡𑒳𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨜𑨃𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From मधु (madhu).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɐ.dʱu.ɾɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmɐ.d̪ʱu.ɾɐ/

Adjective

मधुर • (madhura)

1. sweet, delicious, nectarous
2. pleasant, charming, delightful
3. sounding sweetly or uttering sweet cries, melodious, mellifluous

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मधुर (madhura)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मधुरः madhuraḥ	मधुरौ / मधुरा¹ madhurau / madhurā¹	मधुराः / मधुरासः¹ madhurāḥ / madhurāsaḥ¹
Vocative	मधुर madhura	मधुरौ / मधुरा¹ madhurau / madhurā¹	मधुराः / मधुरासः¹ madhurāḥ / madhurāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मधुरम् madhuram	मधुरौ / मधुरा¹ madhurau / madhurā¹	मधुरान् madhurān
Instrumental	मधुरेण madhureṇa	मधुराभ्याम् madhurābhyām	मधुरैः / मधुरेभिः¹ madhuraiḥ / madhurebhiḥ¹
Dative	मधुराय madhurāya	मधुराभ्याम् madhurābhyām	मधुरेभ्यः madhurebhyaḥ
Ablative	मधुरात् madhurāt	मधुराभ्याम् madhurābhyām	मधुरेभ्यः madhurebhyaḥ
Genitive	मधुरस्य madhurasya	मधुरयोः madhurayoḥ	मधुराणाम् madhurāṇām
Locative	मधुरे madhure	मधुरयोः madhurayoḥ	मधुरेषु madhureṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of मधुरा (madhurā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मधुरा madhurā	मधुरे madhure	मधुराः madhurāḥ
Vocative	मधुरे madhure	मधुरे madhure	मधुराः madhurāḥ
Accusative	मधुराम् madhurām	मधुरे madhure	मधुराः madhurāḥ
Instrumental	मधुरया / मधुरा¹ madhurayā / madhurā¹	मधुराभ्याम् madhurābhyām	मधुराभिः madhurābhiḥ
Dative	मधुरायै madhurāyai	मधुराभ्याम् madhurābhyām	मधुराभ्यः madhurābhyaḥ
Ablative	मधुरायाः / मधुरायै² madhurāyāḥ / madhurāyai²	मधुराभ्याम् madhurābhyām	मधुराभ्यः madhurābhyaḥ
Genitive	मधुरायाः / मधुरायै² madhurāyāḥ / madhurāyai²	मधुरयोः madhurayoḥ	मधुराणाम् madhurāṇām
Locative	मधुरायाम् madhurāyām	मधुरयोः madhurayoḥ	मधुरासु madhurāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of मधुर (madhura)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मधुरम् madhuram	मधुरे madhure	मधुराणि / मधुरा¹ madhurāṇi / madhurā¹
Vocative	मधुर madhura	मधुरे madhure	मधुराणि / मधुरा¹ madhurāṇi / madhurā¹
Accusative	मधुरम् madhuram	मधुरे madhure	मधुराणि / मधुरा¹ madhurāṇi / madhurā¹
Instrumental	मधुरेण madhureṇa	मधुराभ्याम् madhurābhyām	मधुरैः / मधुरेभिः¹ madhuraiḥ / madhurebhiḥ¹
Dative	मधुराय madhurāya	मधुराभ्याम् madhurābhyām	मधुरेभ्यः madhurebhyaḥ
Ablative	मधुरात् madhurāt	मधुराभ्याम् madhurābhyām	मधुरेभ्यः madhurebhyaḥ
Genitive	मधुरस्य madhurasya	मधुरयोः madhurayoḥ	मधुराणाम् madhurāṇām
Locative	मधुरे madhure	मधुरयोः madhurayoḥ	मधुरेषु madhureṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Dameli: maüra
  • Kalasha: máwra, mā̃urä
  • Kashmiri: مۆدُر (modur)
  • Phalura: موہورو (mohṓro)
  • Shina: مور (mōrṷ)
  • → Proto-Nuristani:
    • Ashkun: murä
    • Kamkata-viri: mōr
    • Waigali: mūra
• Pali: madhura
• Prakrit: 𑀫𑀳𑀼𑀭 (mahura)
  • Western:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit:
      • Old Gujarati: मुहुर (muhura)
  • Southern:
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: މީރު (mīru)
      • Sinhalese: මිහිරි (mihiri), මියුරු (miyuru), මීරි (mīri)
    • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀳𑀼𑀭 (mahura)

Borrowed terms

• → Gujarati: મધુર (madhur)
• → Hindi: मधुर (madhur)
• → Kannada: ಮಧುರ (madhura)
• → Malayalam: മധുരം (madhuraṁ)
• → Marathi: मधुर (madhur)
• → Tamil: மதுரம் (maturam)

Noun

मधुर • (madhura) stem, m

1. a kind of leguminous plant
2. a particular drug
3. name of the tutelary deity of the race of vandhula

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मधुर (madhura)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मधुरः madhuraḥ	मधुरौ / मधुरा¹ madhurau / madhurā¹	मधुराः / मधुरासः¹ madhurāḥ / madhurāsaḥ¹
Vocative	मधुर madhura	मधुरौ / मधुरा¹ madhurau / madhurā¹	मधुराः / मधुरासः¹ madhurāḥ / madhurāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मधुरम् madhuram	मधुरौ / मधुरा¹ madhurau / madhurā¹	मधुरान् madhurān
Instrumental	मधुरेण madhureṇa	मधुराभ्याम् madhurābhyām	मधुरैः / मधुरेभिः¹ madhuraiḥ / madhurebhiḥ¹
Dative	मधुराय madhurāya	मधुराभ्याम् madhurābhyām	मधुरेभ्यः madhurebhyaḥ
Ablative	मधुरात् madhurāt	मधुराभ्याम् madhurābhyām	मधुरेभ्यः madhurebhyaḥ
Genitive	मधुरस्य madhurasya	मधुरयोः madhurayoḥ	मधुराणाम् madhurāṇām
Locative	मधुरे madhure	मधुरयोः madhurayoḥ	मधुरेषु madhureṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “madhura”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “madhura”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 562