शिथिर

Sanskrit[edit]

Alternative scripts

An Old Indo-Aryan corruption of an earlier *śṛthirá.^[1]^[2]^[3] Compare the dialectal variant शिथिल (śithilá), Pali saṭhila, Prakrit 𑀲𑀠𑀺𑀮 (saḍhila), 𑀲𑀺𑀠𑀺𑀮 (siḍhila). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥th₂-ró-s,^[1] from *ḱreth₂-. Compare Old English hreddan. The Sanskrit root is श्रथ् (śrath, “to be loosened or untied”) .^[2]^[3]

शिथिर • (śithirá) stem^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

Masculine a-stem declension of शिथिर (śithirá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शिथिरः śithiráḥ	शिथिरौ / शिथिरा¹ śithiraú / śithirā́¹	शिथिराः / शिथिरासः¹ śithirā́ḥ / śithirā́saḥ¹
Vocative	शिथिर śíthira	शिथिरौ / शिथिरा¹ śíthirau / śíthirā¹	शिथिराः / शिथिरासः¹ śíthirāḥ / śíthirāsaḥ¹
Accusative	शिथिरम् śithirám	शिथिरौ / शिथिरा¹ śithiraú / śithirā́¹	शिथिरान् śithirā́n
Instrumental	शिथिरेण śithiréṇa	शिथिराभ्याम् śithirā́bhyām	शिथिरैः / शिथिरेभिः¹ śithiraíḥ / śithirébhiḥ¹
Dative	शिथिराय śithirā́ya	शिथिराभ्याम् śithirā́bhyām	शिथिरेभ्यः śithirébhyaḥ
Ablative	शिथिरात् śithirā́t	शिथिराभ्याम् śithirā́bhyām	शिथिरेभ्यः śithirébhyaḥ
Genitive	शिथिरस्य śithirásya	शिथिरयोः śithiráyoḥ	शिथिराणाम् śithirā́ṇām
Locative	शिथिरे śithiré	शिथिरयोः śithiráyoḥ	शिथिरेषु śithiréṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of शिथिरा (śithirā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शिथिरा śithirā́	शिथिरे śithiré	शिथिराः śithirā́ḥ
Vocative	शिथिरे śíthire	शिथिरे śíthire	शिथिराः śíthirāḥ
Accusative	शिथिराम् śithirā́m	शिथिरे śithiré	शिथिराः śithirā́ḥ
Instrumental	शिथिरया / शिथिरा¹ śithiráyā / śithirā́¹	शिथिराभ्याम् śithirā́bhyām	शिथिराभिः śithirā́bhiḥ
Dative	शिथिरायै śithirā́yai	शिथिराभ्याम् śithirā́bhyām	शिथिराभ्यः śithirā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	शिथिरायाः / शिथिरायै² śithirā́yāḥ / śithirā́yai²	शिथिराभ्याम् śithirā́bhyām	शिथिराभ्यः śithirā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	शिथिरायाः / शिथिरायै² śithirā́yāḥ / śithirā́yai²	शिथिरयोः śithiráyoḥ	शिथिराणाम् śithirā́ṇām
Locative	शिथिरायाम् śithirā́yām	शिथिरयोः śithiráyoḥ	शिथिरासु śithirā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of शिथिर (śithirá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शिथिरम् śithirám	शिथिरे śithiré	शिथिराणि / शिथिरा¹ śithirā́ṇi / śithirā́¹
Vocative	शिथिर śíthira	शिथिरे śíthire	शिथिराणि / शिथिरा¹ śíthirāṇi / śíthirā¹
Accusative	शिथिरम् śithirám	शिथिरे śithiré	शिथिराणि / शिथिरा¹ śithirā́ṇi / śithirā́¹
Instrumental	शिथिरेण śithiréṇa	शिथिराभ्याम् śithirā́bhyām	शिथिरैः / शिथिरेभिः¹ śithiraíḥ / śithirébhiḥ¹
Dative	शिथिराय śithirā́ya	शिथिराभ्याम् śithirā́bhyām	शिथिरेभ्यः śithirébhyaḥ
Ablative	शिथिरात् śithirā́t	शिथिराभ्याम् śithirā́bhyām	शिथिरेभ्यः śithirébhyaḥ
Genitive	शिथिरस्य śithirásya	शिथिरयोः śithiráyoḥ	शिथिराणाम् śithirā́ṇām
Locative	शिथिरे śithiré	शिथिरयोः śithiráyoḥ	शिथिरेषु śithiréṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “ŚRATH¹”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 663
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakrit‎, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917, page 9.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Monier Williams (1899) “शिथिर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1071.
^ Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “शिथिर”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1551
^ Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “śithira”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
^ Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “शिथिर”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 313