सरमा
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- সৰমা (Assamese script)
- ᬲᬭᬫᬵ (Balinese script)
- সরমা (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰨𑰦𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑀭𑀫𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- သရမာ (Burmese script)
- સરમા (Gujarati script)
- ਸਰਮਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌸𑌰𑌮𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦱꦫꦩꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂮𑂩𑂧𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಸರಮಾ (Kannada script)
- សរមា (Khmer script)
- ສຣມາ (Lao script)
- സരമാ (Malayalam script)
- ᠰᠠᡵᠠᠮᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘭𑘨𑘦𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠠ᠋ᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧍𑧈𑧆𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑐬𑐩𑐵 (Newa script)
- ସରମା (Odia script)
- ꢱꢬꢪꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑆫𑆩𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖨𑖦𑖯 (Siddham script)
- සරමා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑪁𑩼𑩴𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚨𑚤𑚢𑚭 (Takri script)
- ஸரமா (Tamil script)
- సరమా (Telugu script)
- สรมา (Thai script)
- ས་ར་མཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑒩𑒧𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨰𑨫𑨢𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]Possibly from the root सृ (sṛ, “to run”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]स॒रमा॑ • (sarámā) stem, f
- (Hinduism) Sarama, the female dog of the devas, mother of all wild animals, who helped Indra recover Bṛhaspati's cows, stolen by Paṇis, the followers of Vala
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.108.1:
- किमि॒च्छन्ती॑ स॒रमा॒ प्रेदमा॑नड्दू॒रे ह्यध्वा॒ जगु॑रिः परा॒चैः।
कास्मेहि॑तिः॒ का परि॑तक्म्यासीत्क॒थं र॒साया॑ अतरः॒ पयां॑सि॥- kímicchántī sarámā prédámānaḍdūré hyádhvā jáguriḥ parācáiḥ.
kā́sméhitiḥ kā́ páritakmyāsītkatháṃ rasā́yā ataraḥ páyāṃsi. - Seeking what has Saramā arrived here, for far is the road, swallowing up (the traveler) in the distance? What is your mission to us? What was the final turn (bringing you here)? How did you cross the waters of the Rasā.
- kímicchántī sarámā prédámānaḍdūré hyádhvā jáguriḥ parācáiḥ.
- किमि॒च्छन्ती॑ स॒रमा॒ प्रेदमा॑नड्दू॒रे ह्यध्वा॒ जगु॑रिः परा॒चैः।
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | स॒रमा॑ (sarámā) | स॒रमे॑ (saráme) | स॒रमाः॑ (sarámāḥ) |
| accusative | स॒रमा॑म् (sarámām) | स॒रमे॑ (saráme) | स॒रमाः॑ (sarámāḥ) |
| instrumental | स॒रम॑या (sarámayā) स॒रमा॑¹ (sarámā¹) |
स॒रमा॑भ्याम् (sarámābhyām) | स॒रमा॑भिः (sarámābhiḥ) |
| dative | स॒रमा॑यै (sarámāyai) | स॒रमा॑भ्याम् (sarámābhyām) | स॒रमा॑भ्यः (sarámābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | स॒रमा॑याः (sarámāyāḥ) स॒रमा॑यै² (sarámāyai²) |
स॒रमा॑भ्याम् (sarámābhyām) | स॒रमा॑भ्यः (sarámābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | स॒रमा॑याः (sarámāyāḥ) स॒रमा॑यै² (sarámāyai²) |
स॒रम॑योः (sarámayoḥ) | स॒रमा॑णाम् (sarámāṇām) |
| locative | स॒रमा॑याम् (sarámāyām) | स॒रम॑योः (sarámayoḥ) | स॒रमा॑सु (sarámāsu) |
| vocative | सर॑मे (sárame) | सर॑मे (sárame) | सर॑माः (sáramāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
Derived terms
[edit]- सारमेय (sārameyá)
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899), “सरमा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1182.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “सरमा”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
- Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “सरमा”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 707