ნესვი
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Georgian
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Georgian ნესჳ (neswi). Cognate with Svan კუ̂ახ-ნეს(გ) / კუ̂ახ-ნეშ(გ) (ḳûax-nes(g) / ḳûax-neš(g), “pumpkin”) (for the first part compare Georgian კვახი (ḳvaxi)). Chukhua reconstructs Proto-Kartvelian *nesw- (“melon”) connecting it with other languages of Caucasian substrate.[1]
Compare Chechen наьрс (närs), Ingush нарс (nars, “cucumber”), Bezhta неси (nesi).[2] This word is well attested in West Caucasian, cf. Proto-Northwest Caucasian *naš:ʷa (“watermelon, cucumber”), whence Abkhaz анаша (anaŝa), Kabardian нащэ (naśɛ, “cucumber”), Adyghe нашэ (našɛ, “watermelon”), Ubykh нааша (naaŝa).[2][3]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ნესვი • (nesvi) (plural ნესვები)
Inflection
[edit]| Declension of ნესვი (see Georgian declension) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | archaic plural | |
| nominative | ნესვი (nesvi) | ნესვები (nesvebi) | ნესვნი (nesvni) |
| ergative | ნესვმა (nesvma) | ნესვებმა (nesvebma) | ნესვთ(ა) (nesvt(a)) |
| dative | ნესვს(ა) (nesvs(a)) | ნესვებს(ა) (nesvebs(a)) | ნესვთ(ა) (nesvt(a)) |
| genitive | ნესვის(ა) (nesvis(a)) | ნესვების(ა) (nesvebis(a)) | ნესვთ(ა) (nesvt(a)) |
| instrumental | ნესვით(ა) (nesvit(a)) | ნესვებით(ა) (nesvebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | ნესვად(ა) (nesvad(a)) | ნესვებად(ა) (nesvebad(a)) | |
| vocative | ნესვო (nesvo) | ნესვებო (nesvebo) | ნესვნო (nesvno) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. | |||
| Postpositional inflection of ნესვი (see Georgian postpositions) | ||
|---|---|---|
| postpositions taking a dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | ნესვზე (nesvze) | ნესვებზე (nesvebze) |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | ნესვთან (nesvtan) | ნესვებთან (nesvebtan) |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | ნესვში (nesvši) | ნესვებში (nesvebši) |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | ნესვივით (nesvivit) | ნესვებივით (nesvebivit) |
| postpositions taking a genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | ნესვისთვის (nesvistvis) | ნესვებისთვის (nesvebistvis) |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | ნესვისებრ (nesvisebr) | ნესვებისებრ (nesvebisebr) |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | ნესვისკენ (nesvisḳen) | ნესვებისკენ (nesvebisḳen) |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | ნესვისგან (nesvisgan) | ნესვებისგან (nesvebisgan) |
| postpositions taking an instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | ნესვიდან (nesvidan) | ნესვებიდან (nesvebidan) |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | ნესვითურთ (nesviturt) | ნესვებითურთ (nesvebiturt) |
| postpositions taking an adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | ნესვამდე (nesvamde) | ნესვებამდე (nesvebamde) |
Derived terms
[edit]- ნესვის ხე (nesvis xe)
- კიტრანესვი (ḳiṭranesvi)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Čuxua, Merab (2007) Iberiul-ičkeriul enata šedarebiti gramaṭiḳa [Ibero-Ichkerian Comparative Grammar] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Tbilisi State University Press, page 441
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Klimov, G. A. (1994) Einführung in die kaukasische Sprachwissenschaft [Introduction to Caucasian Linguistics][1] (in German), German adaptation by Jost Gippert, Hamburg: Buske Helmut, page 294
- ^ Nikolaev, Sergei L., Starostin, Sergei A. (1994) “*nV̄rswĀ”, in A North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary[2], Moscow: Asterisk Publishers
Further reading
[edit]- Čikobava, Arnold et al., editors (1950–1964), “ნესვი”, in Kartuli enis ganmarṭebiti leksiḳoni [Explanatory Dictionary of the Georgian language] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Academy Press
- Maq̇ašvili, Aleksandre (1961) “ნესვი”, in Boṭaniḳuri leksiḳoni [Botanical Dictionary][3], 2nd edition, Tbilisi: Sabč̣ota Sakartvelo
- Abulaʒe, Ilia (1973) “ნესუ”, in Ʒveli kartuli enis leksiḳoni (masalebi) [Dictionary of Old Georgian (Materials)][4] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Metsniereba, page 328
- “ნო̈ს”, in Ingilouri leksiḳoni [Ingiloan Dictionary][5] (in Georgian), Kartuli dialekṭuri ḳorṗusi, 2011–2014
- “ნესი”, in Pereidnuli leksiḳoni [Fereydanian Dictionary][6] (in Georgian), Kartuli dialekṭuri ḳorṗusi, 2011–2014
Categories:
- Georgian terms inherited from Old Georgian
- Georgian terms derived from Old Georgian
- Georgian terms borrowed from substrate languages
- Georgian terms derived from substrate languages
- Georgian 2-syllable words
- Georgian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Georgian lemmas
- Georgian nouns
- Georgian countable nouns
- ka:Fruits
- ka:Gourd family plants