ᠰᡝᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ

Manchu

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [sə.rəŋ.ŋə]

Verb

ᠰᡝᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ • (serengge)

1. non-past verbal noun of ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ (sembi)

Particle

ᠰᡝᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ • (serengge)

1. The topic marker, with various nuances according to context:
   1. Used to mark an already known topic, to which the subsequent statement applies.
      • 1765, Wang Shipu, translated by Wang Dexin, Si siyang gi bithe [Romance of the Western Chamber]:

        ᠵᠠᠩ
        ᡤᡳᠶᡡᠨ
        ᡧᡠᡳ
        ᠰᡝᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ᠈
        ᠮᡳᠨᡳ
        ᡩᡝᠣ᠉

        jang giyūn šui serengge, mini deo.

        Zhang Junrui [TOP] is my younger brother.

   2. Used to mark the topic in statements of general fact.
      • 1864, Sun Tzu, translated by Kiying, Sun dzy i coohai doro bithe [The Art of War]:

        ᠰᡠᠨ
        ᡯᠶ
        ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ᠈
        ᠴᠣᠣᡥᠠ
        ᠰᡝᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ᠈
        ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ
        ᠠᠮᠪᠠ
        ᠪᠠᡳᡨᠠ᠉

        sun dzy hendume, cooha serengge, gurun-i amba baita.

        Sun Tzu said: "Military [TOP] is an important matter of the State."

   3. Used with an emphatic sense.
      • 1894, Wan Fu, Dasame foloho manju gisun i untuhun hergen i temgetu jorin bithe [重刻清文虚字指南編]:

        ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ
        ᠰᠠᡳᠨ
        ᠪᡝ
        ᡨᠠᠴᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ
        ᠰᡝᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ
        ᡴᠠᡳ᠉

        simbe sain be tacikini serengge kai.

        I want you to study the good deeds [TOP] (and that is all that I want).