ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ

Coptic

Alternative forms

• ⲟⲩⲃⲁϣ (oubaš) — Sahidic, Lycopolitan, Bohairic
• ⲟⲩⲁϣ (ouaš) — Bohairic
• ⲟⲩⲃⲉϣ (oubeš) — Fayyumic

Etymology

From Egyptian (wbḫ, “to be(come) bright, to brighten”).

Verb

ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ • (oubax)

1. (Akhmimic, intransitive) to be white, become white

Conjugation

Conjugation of ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ (Akhmimic dialect)

infinitive	affirmative	ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ oubax	imperative	affirmative	ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ oubax
	negative	ⲧⲙ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tm̄oubax, tm̄n̄oubax		negative	ⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄n̄oubax

			singular					plural			nominal
			1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
				masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
durative sentence
			ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
present	basic		ϯⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tioubax	ⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ koubax	ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ teoubax	ϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ foubax	ⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ soubax	ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tn̄oubax	ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tetn̄oubax	ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ seoubax	ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ oubax
	circumstantial		ⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ eïoubax	ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ ekoubax	ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ ereoubax	ⲉϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ efoubax	ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ esoubax	ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ enoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etetn̄oubax	ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ euoubax	ⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ e- oubax, ere- oubax
	relative		ⲉϯⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etioubax	ⲉⲧⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etkoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ eteoubax, etereoubax	ⲉⲧϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etfoubax	ⲉⲧⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etsoubax	ⲉⲧⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etnoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etetn̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etououbax	ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ ete- oubax, etere- oubax
	preterite		ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ naïoubax	ⲛⲁⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nakoubax	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nareoubax	ⲛⲁϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nafoubax	ⲛⲁⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nasoubax	ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nanoubax	ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ natetn̄oubax	ⲛⲁⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nauoubax	ⲛⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ na- oubax, nare- oubax
	focalising		ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ aioubax	ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ akoubax	ⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ areoubax	ⲁϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ afoubax	ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ asoubax	ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ anoubax	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ aretenoubax	ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ auoubax	ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲁⲣ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ a- oubax, ar- oubax, are- oubax
future	basic		ϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tinaoubax	ⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ knaoubax	ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tenaoubax	ϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ fnaoubax	ⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ snaoubax	ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tn̄naoubax	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tetnaoubax	ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ senaoubax	ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ naoubax
	circumstantial		ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ eïnaoubax	ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ eknaoubax	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ erenaoubax	ⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ efnaoubax	ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ esnaoubax	ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ ennaoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etetnaoubax	ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ eunaoubax	ⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ e- naoubax
	relative		ⲉϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etinaoubax	ⲉⲧⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etknaoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etenaoubax, eterenaoubax	ⲉⲧϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etfnaoubax	ⲉⲧⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etsnaoubax	ⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etnnaoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etetnaoubax	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etounaoubax	ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ ete- naoubax
	preterite		ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ naïnaoubax	ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ naknaoubax	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ narenaoubax	ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nafnaoubax	ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nasnaoubax	ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nannaoubax	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ netetnaoubax	ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ naunaoubax	ⲛⲁ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ na- naoubax
	focalising		ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ ainaoubax	ⲁⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ aknaoubax, eknaoubax	ⲁⲣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ araoubax	ⲁϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ afnaoubax	ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ asnaoubax	ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ annaoubax	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ aretennaoubax	ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ aunaoubax	ⲁ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ a- naoubax, are- naoubax
negated with			… ⲉⲛ … en
non-durative sentence
			ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
past	basic	affirmative	ⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ aïoubax	ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ akoubax	ⲁⲣⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ aroubax	ⲁϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ afoubax	ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ asoubax	ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ anoubax	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ atetn̄oubax	ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ auoubax	ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ a- oubax
		negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄pioubax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄pk̄oubax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄peoubax, m̄pr̄oubax	ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄pf̄oubax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄ps̄oubax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄pn̄oubax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄petn̄oubax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄pououbax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄pe- oubax
	circumstantial	affirmative	ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ eaïoubax	ⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ eakoubax	ⲉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ earoubax	ⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ eafoubax	ⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ easoubax	ⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ eanoubax	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ eatetn̄oubax	ⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ eauoubax	ⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ ea- oubax
		negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄pioubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄pk̄oubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄peoubax, em̄pr̄oubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄pf̄oubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄ps̄oubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄pn̄oubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄petn̄oubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄pououbax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄pe- oubax
	relative	affirmative	ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etaïoubax	ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etakoubax	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etaroubax	ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etafoubax	ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etasoubax	ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etanoubax	ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etatetn̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etauoubax	ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ eta- oubax
		negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄pioubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄pk̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄peoubax, etem̄pr̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄pf̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄ps̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄pn̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄petn̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄pououbax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄pe- oubax
	preterite	affirmative	ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ neaïoubax	ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ neakoubax	ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nearoubax	ⲛⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ neafoubax	ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ neasoubax	ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ neanoubax	ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ neatetn̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ neauoubax	ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nea- oubax
		negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄pioubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄pk̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄peoubax, nem̄pr̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄pf̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄ps̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄pn̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄petn̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄pououbax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄pe- oubax
	focalising	affirmative	ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ naïoubax	ⲛⲁⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nakoubax	ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ naroubax	ⲛⲁϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nafoubax	ⲛⲁⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nasoubax	ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nanoubax	ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ natetn̄oubax	ⲛⲁⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nauoubax	ⲛⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ na- oubax
expectative	basic	negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄patioubax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄patk̄oubax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄pateoubax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄patf̄oubax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄pats̄oubax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄patn̄oubax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄patetn̄oubax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄patououbax	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ m̄pate- oubax
	circumstantial	negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄patioubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄patk̄oubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄pateoubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄patf̄oubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄pats̄oubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄patn̄oubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄patetn̄oubax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄patououbax	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ em̄pate- oubax
	relative	negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄patioubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄patk̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄pateoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄patf̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄pats̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄patn̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄patetn̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄patououbax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etem̄pate- oubax
	preterite	negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄patioubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄patk̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄pateoubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄patf̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄pats̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄patn̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄patetn̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄patououbax	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nem̄pate- oubax
aorist	basic	affirmative	ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ xareïoubax	ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ xarekoubax	ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ xareoubax	ⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ xarefoubax	ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ xaresoubax	ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ xarenoubax	ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ xaretetn̄oubax	ⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ xarououbax	ⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ xare- oubax
		negative	ⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ maïoubax	ⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ makoubax	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ mareoubax	ⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ mafoubax	ⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ masoubax	ⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ manoubax	ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ matetn̄oubax	ⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ mauoubax	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ mare- oubax, ma- oubax
	circumstantial	affirmative	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ exareïoubax	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ exarekoubax	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ exareoubax	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ exarefoubax	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ exaresoubax	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ exarenoubax	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ exaretetn̄oubax	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ exarououbax	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ exare- oubax
		negative	ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ emaïoubax	ⲉⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ emakoubax	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ emareoubax	ⲉⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ emafoubax	ⲉⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ emasoubax	ⲉⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ emanoubax	ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ ematetn̄oubax	ⲉⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ emauoubax	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ emare- oubax, ema- oubax
	relative	affirmative	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etexareïoubax, etxareïoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etexarekoubax, etxarekoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etexareoubax, etxareoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etexarefoubax, etxarefoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etexaresoubax, etxaresoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etexarenoubax, etxarenoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etexaretetn̄oubax, etxaretetn̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etexarououbax, etxarououbax	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etexare- oubax, etxare- oubax
		negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etemaïoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etemakoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etemareoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etemafoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etemasoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etemanoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etematetn̄oubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etemauoubax	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ etemare- oubax, etema- oubax
	preterite	affirmative	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nexareïoubax	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nexarekoubax	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nexareoubax	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nexarefoubax	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nexaresoubax	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nexarenoubax	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nexaretetn̄oubax	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nexarououbax	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nexare- oubax
		negative	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nemaïoubax	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nemakoubax	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nemareoubax	ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nemafoubax	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nemasoubax	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nemanoubax	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nematetn̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nemauoubax	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nemare- oubax, nema- oubax
	focalising	affirmative	ⲁⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ amaïoubax	ⲁⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ amakoubax	ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ amareoubax	ⲁⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ amafoubax	ⲁⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ amasoubax	ⲁⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ amanoubax	ⲁⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ amatetn̄oubax	ⲁⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ amauoubax	ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ amare- oubax, ma- oubax
optative	basic	affirmative	ⲁⲓ̈ⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ aïaoubax	ⲁⲕⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ akaoubax	ⲁⲣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ araoubax	ⲁϥⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ afaoubax	ⲁⲥⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ asaoubax	ⲁⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ anaoubax	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ atetnaoubax	ⲁⲩⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ auaoubax	ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ a- oubax
		negative	ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ naoubax, enaoubax	ⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nekoubax, enekoubax	ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ neoubax, eneoubax	ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nefoubax, enefoubax	ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nesoubax, enesoubax	ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ nenoubax, enenoubax	ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ netn̄oubax, enetn̄oubax	ⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ neuoubax, eneuoubax	ⲛⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ ne- oubax
jussive	basic	affirmative	ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ marioubax	(use imperative)		ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ marefoubax	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ maresoubax	ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ marn̄oubax	(use imperative)	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ marououbax	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ mare- oubax
		negative	ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ mn̄taoubax			ⲙⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ mn̄tf̄oubax	ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ mn̄ts̄oubax	ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ mn̄tn̄oubax		ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ mn̄tououbax	ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ mn̄te- oubax
subordinate clause
			ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
conjunctive			ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ taoubax	ⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ koubax	ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ teoubax	ϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲛ̄ⲧϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ foubax, n̄tfoubax	ⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ soubax	ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tn̄oubax	ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tetn̄oubax	ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲥⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ seoubax, sououbax	ⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ te- oubax
future conjunctive			ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tarioubax	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tarekoubax	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tareoubax	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tarefoubax	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ taresoubax	ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tarn̄oubax	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ taretetn̄oubax	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tarououbax	ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ tare- oubax
precursive			ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ n̄tarioubax, tarioubax	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ n̄tarekoubax, tarekoubax	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ n̄tareoubax, tareoubax	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ n̄tarefoubax, tarefoubax	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ n̄taresoubax, taresoubax	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ n̄tarn̄oubax, tarn̄oubax	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ n̄taretn̄oubax, taretn̄oubax	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ n̄tarououbax, tarououbax	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ n̄tare- oubax, tare- oubax
limitative			ϣⲁϯⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ šatioubax	ϣⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ šatk̄oubax	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ šateoubax	ϣⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ šatf̄oubax	ϣⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ šats̄oubax	ϣⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ šatn̄oubax	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ šatetn̄oubax	ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ šatououbax	ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ šate- oubax
conditional	long		ⲁⲓ̈ϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ aïšaoubax, eïšaoubax	ⲁⲕϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲕϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ akšaoubax, ekšaoubax	ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ arešaoubax, erešaoubax	ⲁϥϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉϥϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ afšaoubax, efšaoubax	ⲁⲥϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲥϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ asšaoubax, esšaoubax	ⲁⲛϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲛϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ anšaoubax, enšaoubax	ⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ ašatetn̄oubax, ešatetn̄oubax	ⲁⲩϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉⲩϣⲁⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ aušaoubax, eušaoubax	ⲁϣⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ, ⲉϣⲁ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ aša- oubax, eša- oubax
	short		ⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ aïoubax	ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ akoubax	ⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ areoubax	ⲁϥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ afoubax	ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ asoubax	ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ anoubax	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ atetn̄oubax	ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ auoubax	ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ are- oubax
negated with			ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄-

References

• Marcion Coptic dictionary