검다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 검다 (Yale: kemta).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈkɘ(ː)mda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [검(ː)다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | geomda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | geomda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kŏmda |
| Yale Romanization? | kēmta |
Adjective
검다 • (geomda) (infinitive 검어, sequential 검으니)
- to be black
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 검다 (geomda): consonant-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 검다 geomda |
검어 geomeo |
검어요 geomeoyo |
검습니다 geomseumnida |
| Past | 검었다 geomeotda |
검었어 geomeosseo |
검었어요 geomeosseoyo |
검었습니다 geomeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 검으냐 geomeunya |
검어 geomeo |
검어요 geomeoyo |
검습니까 geomseumnikka |
| Past | 검었냐 geomeonnya |
검었어 geomeosseo |
검었어요 geomeosseoyo |
검었습니까 geomeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 검겠다 geomgetda |
검겠어 geomgesseo |
검겠어요 geomgesseoyo |
검겠습니다 geomgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 검어 geomeo |
검어서 geomeoseo |
검으니 geomeuni |
검으니까 geomeunikka | |
| Contrast | 검지만 geomjiman |
검은데 geomeunde |
검더니 geomdeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 검고 geomgo |
||||
| Condition | 검으면 geomeumyeon |
검어야 geomeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 검음 geomeum |
검기 geomgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 검었음 geomeosseum |
검었기 geomeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 검은 geomeun | |||
| Future | 검을 geomeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 검으시다 geomeusida |
검으셔 geomeusyeo |
검으세요, 검으셔요 geomeuseyo, geomeusyeoyo |
검으십니다 geomeusimnida |
| Past | 검으셨다 geomeusyeotda |
검으셨어 geomeusyeosseo |
검으셨어요 geomeusyeosseoyo |
검으셨습니다 geomeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 검으시냐 geomeusinya |
검으셔 geomeusyeo |
검으세요, 검으셔요 geomeuseyo, geomeusyeoyo |
검으십니까 geomeusimnikka |
| Past | 검으셨냐 geomeusyeonnya |
검으셨어 geomeusyeosseo |
검으셨어요 geomeusyeosseoyo |
검으셨습니까 geomeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 검으시겠다 geomeusigetda |
검으시겠어 geomeusigesseo |
검으시겠어요 geomeusigesseoyo |
검으시겠습니다 geomeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 검으셔 geomeusyeo |
검으셔서 geomeusyeoseo |
검으시니 geomeusini |
검으시니까 geomeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 검으시지만 geomeusijiman |
검으신데 geomeusinde |
검으시더니 geomeusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 검으시고 geomeusigo |
||||
| Condition | 검으시면 geomeusimyeon |
검으셔야 geomeusyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 검으심 geomeusim |
검으시기 geomeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 검으셨음 geomeusyeosseum |
검으셨기 geomeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 검으신 geomeusin | |||
| Future | 검으실 geomeusil | ||||