즐겁다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 즐겁다 (Yale: culkepta). Probably from an older root 즑— (culk-, “happy”) and suffix —ㅸ— (-W-, adjectival suffix).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕɯɭɡʌ̹p̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [즐겁따]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | jeulgeopda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | jeulgeobda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | chŭlgŏpta |
| Yale Romanization? | cul.kepta |
Adjective
즐겁다 • (jeulgeopda) (irregular, infinitive 즐거워, sequential 즐거우니)
Conjugation
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 즐겁다 jeulgeopda |
즐거워 jeulgeowo |
즐거워요 jeulgeowoyo |
즐겁습니다 jeulgeopseumnida |
| Past | 즐거웠다 jeulgeowotda |
즐거웠어 jeulgeowosseo |
즐거웠어요 jeulgeowosseoyo |
즐거웠습니다 jeulgeowotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 즐거우냐 jeulgeounya |
즐거워 jeulgeowo |
즐거워요 jeulgeowoyo |
즐겁습니까 jeulgeopseumnikka |
| Past | 즐거웠냐 jeulgeowonnya |
즐거웠어 jeulgeowosseo |
즐거웠어요 jeulgeowosseoyo |
즐거웠습니까 jeulgeowotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 즐겁겠다 jeulgeopgetda |
즐겁겠어 jeulgeopgesseo |
즐겁겠어요 jeulgeopgesseoyo |
즐겁겠습니다 jeulgeopgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 즐거워 jeulgeowo |
즐거워서 jeulgeowoseo |
즐거우니 jeulgeouni |
즐거우니까 jeulgeounikka | |
| Contrast | 즐겁지만 jeulgeopjiman |
즐거운데 jeulgeounde |
즐겁더니 jeulgeopdeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 즐겁고 jeulgeopgo |
||||
| Condition | 즐거우면 jeulgeoumyeon |
즐거워야 jeulgeowoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 즐거움 jeulgeoum |
즐겁기 jeulgeopgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 즐거웠음 jeulgeowosseum |
즐거웠기 jeulgeowotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 즐거운 jeulgeoun | |||
| Future | 즐거울 jeulgeoul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 즐거우시다 jeulgeousida |
즐거우셔 jeulgeousyeo |
즐거우세요, 즐거우셔요 jeulgeouseyo, jeulgeousyeoyo |
즐거우십니다 jeulgeousimnida |
| Past | 즐거우셨다 jeulgeousyeotda |
즐거우셨어 jeulgeousyeosseo |
즐거우셨어요 jeulgeousyeosseoyo |
즐거우셨습니다 jeulgeousyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 즐거우시냐 jeulgeousinya |
즐거우셔 jeulgeousyeo |
즐거우세요, 즐거우셔요 jeulgeouseyo, jeulgeousyeoyo |
즐거우십니까 jeulgeousimnikka |
| Past | 즐거우셨냐 jeulgeousyeonnya |
즐거우셨어 jeulgeousyeosseo |
즐거우셨어요 jeulgeousyeosseoyo |
즐거우셨습니까 jeulgeousyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 즐거우시겠다 jeulgeousigetda |
즐거우시겠어 jeulgeousigesseo |
즐거우시겠어요 jeulgeousigesseoyo |
즐거우시겠습니다 jeulgeousigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 즐거우셔 jeulgeousyeo |
즐거우셔서 jeulgeousyeoseo |
즐거우시니 jeulgeousini |
즐거우시니까 jeulgeousinikka | |
| Contrast | 즐거우시지만 jeulgeousijiman |
즐거우신데 jeulgeousinde |
즐거우시더니 jeulgeousideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 즐거우시고 jeulgeousigo |
||||
| Condition | 즐거우시면 jeulgeousimyeon |
즐거우셔야 jeulgeousyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 즐거우심 jeulgeousim |
즐거우시기 jeulgeousigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 즐거우셨음 jeulgeousyeosseum |
즐거우셨기 jeulgeousyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 즐거우신 jeulgeousin | |||
| Future | 즐거우실 jeulgeousil | ||||