𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍃

Gothic

Etymology

From the root of 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (ains, “one”); compare Old Norse ekkja (“widow”) from Proto-Germanic *ainakjǭ.^[1]

Adjective

𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍃 • (ainakls)

(hapax legomenon) alone, without companion (glosses μεμονωμένος (memonōménos, “having been left alone”, perfect mediopassive participle of μονόω (monóō, “to make alone”)))
- 4th century CE, Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 1 Timothy 5:5:
  𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐍉𐌴𐌹 𐌱𐌹 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹 𐍅𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍅𐍉 ⟨𐌹𐍃𐍄⟩ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰, 𐍅𐌴𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌳𐌿 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐌽 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐍉𐌼 𐌽𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌼 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼.
  aþþan sōei bi sunjai widuwō ⟨ist⟩ jah ainakla, wēnida du guda jah þairhwisiþ in bidōm nahtam jah dagam.
  Now she that is a widow indeed, and desolate, trusteth in God, and continueth in supplications and prayers night and day. (KJV)

Declension

A-stem
Strong (indefinite) inflection
singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍃 ainakls	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰 ainakla	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻, 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌰 ainakl, ainaklata
accusative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌰 ainaklana	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰 ainakla	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻, 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌰 ainakl, ainaklata
genitive	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌹𐍃 ainaklis	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 ainaklaizōs	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌹𐍃 ainaklis
dative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 ainaklamma	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌹 ainaklai	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 ainaklamma
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌹 ainaklai	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉𐍃 ainaklōs	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰 ainakla
accusative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃 ainaklans	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉𐍃 ainaklōs	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰 ainakla
genitive	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 ainaklaizē	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 ainaklaizō	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 ainaklaizē
dative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼 ainaklaim	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼 ainaklaim	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼 ainaklaim

Weak (definite) inflection
singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰 ainakla	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉 ainaklō	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉 ainaklō
accusative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌽 ainaklan	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉𐌽 ainaklōn	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉 ainaklō
genitive	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌹𐌽𐍃 ainaklins	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍃 ainaklōns	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌹𐌽𐍃 ainaklins
dative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌹𐌽 ainaklin	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉𐌽 ainaklōn	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌹𐌽 ainaklin
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃 ainaklans	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍃 ainaklōns	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉𐌽𐌰 ainaklōna
accusative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃 ainaklans	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍃 ainaklōns	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉𐌽𐌰 ainaklōna
genitive	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌴 ainaklanē	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍉 ainaklōnō	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌴 ainaklanē
dative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌼 ainaklam	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐍉𐌼 ainaklōm	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌼 ainaklam

References

^ von Grienberger, Theodor (1900), Untersuchungen zur gotischen Wortkunde [Investigations on Gothic lexicology] (Sitzungsberichte der Philosophisch-Historischen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften 142; 8)‎^{[services.phaidra.univie.ac.at/api/object/o:870714/preview]} (in German), Vienna: In Commission bei Carl Gerold's Sohn, page 14

[1] von Grienberger, Theodor (1900), Untersuchungen zur gotischen Wortkunde [Investigations on Gothic lexicology] (Sitzungsberichte der Philosophisch-Historischen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften 142; 8)‎^{[services.phaidra.univie.ac.at/api/object/o:870714/preview]} (in German), Vienna: In Commission bei Carl Gerold's Sohn, page 14

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