𐭣𐭥𐭱𐭧𐭥𐭩

Middle Persian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *dews-?

Proto-Indo-European *dus-

Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-

Proto-Iranian *duš-

Proto-Iranian *Háhuš

Proto-Iranian *dušHáhuš

Middle Persian 𐭣𐭥𐭱𐭧𐭥𐭩

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *dušHáhuš, from *duš- + *Háhuš.

Noun

𐭣𐭥𐭱𐭧𐭥𐭩 • (dwšḥwy /dušox/)

1. hell

   Antonym: 𐭥𐭧𐭱𐭲𐭩 (wḥšty /⁠wahišt⁠/)

Descendants

• Classical Persian: دوزخ (dōzax)
  • → Azerbaijani: duzəx
  • → Baluchi: دوزخ (dózux)
  • → Bengali: দোজখ (dōjokh)
  • → Gurani: دۆزەخ (dōzax)
  • → Hindustani:
    • → Old Hindi: दोजग (dojaga)
      • → Hindi: दोज़ख़ (dozax)
      • → Urdu: دوزَخ (dozax)
        • → Ushojo: دوزخ
  • → Kazakh: дозақ (dozaq)
  • → Kurdish:

    Central Kurdish: دۆزەخ (dozex)

    Southern Kurdish: دووزەخ (dûzex)

  • → Ottoman Turkish: دوزخ (dûzah)
  • → Uyghur: دوزاخ (dozax)
  • → Pashto: دوزَخ (dōzax), دوږخ (doẓax)
  • → Old Punjabi: ਦੋਜਕੁ (dojaku)
    • Punjabi:

      Gurmukhi script: ਦੋਜ਼ਖ਼ (dozax)

      Shahmukhi script: دوزَخ (dozax)

  • → Turkmen: dowzah
  • → Uzbek: doʻzax