𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀭𑀲

Prakrit

Alternative forms

• 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀮𑀰 (aṭṭhālaśa), 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀮𑀳 (aṭṭhālaha) — Magadhi
• 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀭 (aṭṭhāra), 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀤𑀲 (aṭṭhadasa)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit अष्टादश (aṣṭā́daśa). Cognate with Pali aṭṭhādasa, aṭṭhārasa, Gandhari 𐨀𐨛𐨡𐨭 (aṭhadaśa).

Numeral

𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀭𑀲 (aṭṭhārasa) (Devanagari अट्ठारस, Kannada ಅಟ್ಠಾರಸ) (Ardhamagadhi, Jain Maharastri) (cardinal number)

1. eighteen
   • c. 700 CE, Anonymous, Maṇipati-Carita 558:

     𑀭𑀦𑁆𑀦𑀸 𑀭𑀸𑀬𑀕𑀺𑀳𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 𑀅𑀳 𑀉𑀕𑁆𑀖𑁄𑀲𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀬𑀁-𑀘 𑀧𑀟𑀳𑁂𑀡
     𑀚𑁄 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀭𑀲 𑀯𑀁𑀓𑀁 𑀳𑀸𑀭𑀁 𑀲𑀁𑀥𑁂𑀇 𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀦𑀺𑀯𑁄 […]

     rannā rāyagihammi aha ugghosāviyaṃ-ca paḍaheṇa
     jo aṭṭhārasa vaṃkaṃ hāraṃ saṃdhei tassa nivo […]

     • 1959 translation by Robert Hamilton Blair Williams

       Then the king had a proclamation made with the drum in Rājagṛha :
       ‘ Whoso puts together the necklace with the eighteen links, to him the king […]

   • c. 1122 – 1123, Devendra, Uttarādhyayana-Vṛtti VI. Nami page 42 line 28:

     𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀡𑁆𑀳 𑀲𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀁 𑀧𑀸𑀯-𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡 𑀢𑀳 𑀧𑀟𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀲𑀼 […]

     aṭṭhārasaṇha sammaṃ pāva-aṭṭhāṇāṇa taha paḍikkamasu […]

     • 1909 translation by John Jacob Meyer

       Repent properly also of the eighteen cases of sin […]

Descendants

Terms inherited from 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀭𑀲 (aṭṭhārasa)

• Dhivehi: އަށާރަ (aṣāra)
• Dogri: ṭhārā̃

  Devanagari script: ठारां

  Dogra script: 𑠕𑠬𑠤𑠬𑠷

• Old Gujarati: अट्ठदस (aṭṭhadasa), आठदस (āṭhadasa), अठार (aṭhāra), अढार (aḍhāra)
  • Gojri: اَٹھاراں (aṭhārā̃)
  • Gujarati: અઢાર (aḍhār)
  • Malvi: अठारा (aṭhārā)
  • Marwari:

    Devanagari script: अठारे (aṭhāre), अडारै (aḍārai)

    Mahajani script: 𑅐𑅟𑅭𑅓 (aṭhre), 𑅐𑅠𑅭𑅑 (aḍri)

• Hindustani: aṭhārah

  Hindi: अठारह

  Urdu: اَٹھارہ

• Old Marathi: aṭharā, āṭharā

  Devanagari script: अठरा, आठरा

  Modi script: 𑘀𑘙𑘨𑘰, 𑘁𑘙𑘨𑘰

  • Marathi: अठरा (aṭhrā)
• Nepali: अठार (aṭhār)
• Old Punjabi: ਅਠਾਰਹ (aṭhāraha)
  • Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਅਠਾਰਾਂ (aṭhārā̃)

    Shahmukhi script: اَٹھاراں (aṭhārāṉ)

• Saraiki:

  Devanagari script: अठाराँ

  Shahmukhi script: اَٹھاراں (aṭhārāṉ)

  Multani script: 𑊀𑊑𑊢 (aṭhr)

• Sindhi:

  Arabic script: ارڙهن

  Devanagari script: अर्ड़हं

  Khudawadi script: 𑊰𑋙𑋪𑋊𑋞𑋟 (arṛahã)

• Sinhalese: අටර (aṭara), අට ළොස (aṭa ḷosa), අට ළොහ (aṭa ḷoha)
• Vaghri: એરડ઼ો (eraṛo)

Further reading

• Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923-1928) “अट्ठार अट्ठारस”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [Pāia-Sadda-Mahaṇṇavo; lit. Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author], page 26.
• Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 319.
• Sen, Sukumar (1960) A Comparative Grammar of Middle Indo-Aryan, Linguistic Society of India, page 135.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “aṣṭāˊdaśa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 42