𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧

Prakrit

Etymology 1

Imitative of baby talk. Compare Proto-Dravidian *appa.

Noun

𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧 (appa) m (Devanagari अप्प)

1. dad, papa

Descendants

• Central Indo-Aryan:
  • Hindi: आपा (āpā, “elder woman”)
• Southern Indo-Aryan:
  • Marathi: आपा (āpā)
• Western Indo-Aryan:
  • Gujarati: આપો (āpo)

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₁t-

Proto-Indo-European *-mō

Proto-Indo-European *h₁éh₁tmō

Proto-Indo-Iranian *HáHtmā

Sanskrit आत्मन् (ātman)

Prakrit 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧 (appa)

Inherited from Sanskrit आत्मन् (ātman).

Noun

𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧 (appa) (Devanagari अप्प)

2. self
3. soul, creature, consciousness
4. body
5. nature, form

Usage notes

Nominative form is 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (appā), remaining forms decline with 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀡- (appaṇa-).

Alternative forms

• 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀢 (atta), 𑀆𑀢 (āta), 𑀆𑀤 (āda), 𑀆𑀬 (āya)

Derived terms

• 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀡𑀬 (appaṇaya, “own”)

Descendants

• Central Indo-Aryan:
  • Hindustani:
    • Hindi: आप (āp, “you”)
    • Urdu: آپ (āp, “you”)
• Eastern Indo-Aryan:
  • Bengali-Assamese:
    • Early Assamese: আপন (apono, “own”), আপুনি (apuni, “self”)
      • Assamese: আপোন (apün, “own”), আপুনি (apuni, “you, self”)
    • Old Bengali: অপা (apā, “self”)
      • Bengali: আপন (apon), আপনি (apni, “you”)
      • Rohingya: 𐴀𐴡𐴣𐴕𐴠 (oñne)
      • Sylheti: ꠀꠙ꠆ꠘꠦ (afne)
  • Bihari:
    • Maithili: अपनि (apani)
  • Odia: ଆପେ (āpē)
• Insular Indo-Aryan:
  • Dhivehi: އަހަރެން (aharen̊, “I”)
  • Sinhalese: අපි (api, “we”)
• Northern Indo-Aryan:
  • Garhwali: अप्णु (apṇu)
  • Kumaoni: आप (āp)
  • Nepali: आफू (āphū)
• Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
  • Punjabi:
    • Gurmukhi script: ਆਪ (āpa, “you”), (dialectal) ਆਪਾਂ (āpā̃)
    • Shahmukhi script: آپ (āp, “you”), (dialectal) آپاں (āpāṉ)
  • Sindhi:
    • Khudabadi script: 𑊸𑊼𑋣𑋑 (pāṇa)
    • Devanagari script: पाण (pāṇa)
    • Arabic script: پاڻ (pāṇa)
• Southern Indo-Aryan:
  • Konkani: आपण (āpaṇa)
  • Marathi: आप (āp), आपण (āpaṇ, “you”)
• Western Indo-Aryan:
  • Gujarati: આપું (āpũ), આપણે (āpaṇe)
  • Romani: pes (“himself; herself”)

Etymology 3

Adjective

𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧 (appa) (Devanagari अप्प)

1. alternative form of 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀢 (atta, “reached”)