ómun

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Old Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *oβnus. The ó is unexpected, since fricative-induced compensatory lengthening did not occur, as no fricative was deleted. Thurneysen explained the long ó as being transferred from the synonym úath (fear) before that word underwent diphthongization.[1] Forms with the expected short vowel like omun are also attested and are completely interchangeable with the long-vowel forms, even within a single Old Irish speaker's writings.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ómun m

  1. fear
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 59a18
      .i. ómun epertae nad·rabae remdéicsiu Dǽ dim-so intan do·rata form inna fochaidi.
      i.e. fear of saying that there was no providence of God for me, when the tribulations were inflicted upon me.
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 128d7
      .i. ermitiu feid homno
      i.e. reverence of the fear of God (explaining Latin reverentia (reverence))

Inflection

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Masculine u-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ómun ómunL ómnae
Vocative ómun ómunL ómnu
Accusative ómunN ómunL ómnu
Genitive ómnoH, ómnaH ómno, ómna ómnaeN
Dative ómunL ómnaib ómnaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

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  • Middle Irish: úaman, oman

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
ómun
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)
unchanged n-ómun
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 61

Further reading

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