ἤνυστρον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἔνυστρον (énustron)

Etymology

The formation with ἔν- perhaps arose under the influence of ἔντερον (énteron, “intestine”) and ἐγκοίλιος (enkoílios, “entrails”), but it is late in any case. Assuming *ϝήνυστρον (*wḗnustron), this word is traditionally connected with Icelandic vinstur (“abomasum”), but it differs regarding the quantity of the first syllable and the color of the intermediate vowel. As a pre-form, *wend-tri- has been assumed, comparing German Wanst (“belly”), Latin venter (“belly”) and Sanskrit वस्ति (vasti, “bladder”). However, a digamma is uncertain, and the connection with these words seems most improbable, as the forms are not well comparable. According to Beekes, the ending in -στρον is Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɛ̌ː.nys.tron/ → /ˈi.nys.tron/ → /ˈi.nis.tron/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɛ̌ː.nys.tron/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈe̝.nys.tron/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.nys.tron/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.nys.tron/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈi.nis.tron/

Noun

ἤνῠστρον • (ḗnustron) n (genitive ἠνῠ́στρου); second declension

1. abomasum, rennet stomach
2. (cooking) as a dish made of rennet stomach
   • 424 BCE, Aristophanes, The Knights 356
   • 424 BCE, Aristophanes, The Knights 1179

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ ἤνῠστρον; τοῦ ἠνῠ́στρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ἤνῠστρον tò ḗnustron	τὼ ἠνῠ́στρω tṑ ēnústrō	τᾰ̀ ἤνῠστρᾰ tà ḗnustra
Genitive	τοῦ ἠνῠ́στρου toû ēnústrou	τοῖν ἠνῠ́στροιν toîn ēnústroin	τῶν ἠνῠ́στρων tôn ēnústrōn
Dative	τῷ ἠνῠ́στρῳ tôi ēnústrōi	τοῖν ἠνῠ́στροιν toîn ēnústroin	τοῖς ἠνῠ́στροις toîs ēnústrois
Accusative	τὸ ἤνῠστρον tò ḗnustron	τὼ ἠνῠ́στρω tṑ ēnústrō	τᾰ̀ ἤνῠστρᾰ tà ḗnustra
Vocative	ἤνῠστρον ḗnustron	ἠνῠ́στρω ēnústrō	ἤνῠστρᾰ ḗnustra
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “ἤνυστρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἤνυστρον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN