-DǪǪD

Navajo

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *dəmʼ (“to become taut”). Maybe cognate with -DON (“to explode”).

Cognate root found in Ahtna nidonʼ (“it is taut”), nełdonʼ (“he jerks it”).

Root

-DǪǪD

1. to become taut, to straighten

Theme	Category	Bases	Transitive bases (O + ł)
Ø	adjectival	S is taut nídon (NEUT) kʼézdon	S keeps O taut yółdon (NEUT) kʼíyółdon
Ø		S becomes taut kʼédǫǫh (MOM) ↳ ? ↳ kʼééhádǫǫh	S makes O taut kʼííłdǫǫh ↳ kʼínéíłdǫǫh ↳ kʼínáháłdǫǫh
Ø	successive	S jerks yidǫʼ (REP)	S jerks O yiłdǫʼ (REP) yiʼniiłdǫʼ yiyiłdǫǫh (SEM)

Stem set

Aspect	IMP	PERF	FUT	ITER	OPT
MOM	-dǫǫh	-dǫǫd	-dǫǫł	-dǫǫh	-dǫǫh
REP	-dǫʼ	-	-	-	-
SEM	-dǫǫh	-dǫǫh	-dǫǫł	-dǫǫh	-dǫǫh
REP	-	-don	-	-	-

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Synonyms

to stretch, to straighten:

• -KʼĄ́Ą́Z
• -TʼIʼ
• -TSʼǪ́Ǫ́D

to jerk:

• -DĄZH
• -GHAN

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -DǪǪD (straighten up)