-dal
Hungarian
Pronunciation
Suffix
-dal
- (frequentative suffix) Added to a verb to form a verb to express the frequent repetition of an action.
Usage notes
- (frequentative suffix) Mostly used by short, one-syllable words. No longer productive. Harmonic variants:
Conjugation
conjugation of -dal
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | -dalok | -dalsz | -dal | -dalunk | -daltok | -dalnak | |
| Def. | -dalom | -dalod | -dalja | -daljuk | -daljátok | -dalják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -dallak | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indef. | -daltam | -daltál | -dalt | -daltunk | -daltatok | -daltak | ||
| Def. | -daltam | -daltad | -dalta | -daltuk | -daltátok | -dalták | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -daltalak | ― | |||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. -dalni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | -dalék | -dalál | -dala | -dalánk | -dalátok | -dalának | ||
| Def. | -dalám | -dalád | -dalá | -dalánk | -dalátok | -dalák | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -dalálak | ― | |||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -dal vala, -dalt vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | -dalandok | -dalandasz | -daland | -dalandunk | -dalandotok | -dalandanak | ||
| Def. | -dalandom | -dalandod | -dalandja | -dalandjuk | -dalandjátok | -dalandják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -dalandalak | ― | |||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | -dalnék | -dalnál | -dalna | -dalnánk | -dalnátok | -dalnának | |
| Def. | -dalnám | -dalnád | -dalná | -dalnánk (or -dalnók) |
-dalnátok | -dalnák | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -dalnálak | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -dalt volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | -daljak | -dalj or -daljál |
-daljon | -daljunk | -daljatok | -daljanak | |
| Def. | -daljam | -dald or -daljad |
-dalja | -daljuk | -daljátok | -dalják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -daljalak | ― | |||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -dalt légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | -dalni | -dalnom | -dalnod | -dalnia | -dalnunk | -dalnotok | -dalniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| -dalás | -daló | -dalt | -dalandó | -dalva (-dalván) | |||||
| The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of -dal
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | -dalhatok | -dalhatsz | -dalhat | -dalhatunk | -dalhattok | -dalhatnak | |
| Def. | -dalhatom | -dalhatod | -dalhatja | -dalhatjuk | -dalhatjátok | -dalhatják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -dalhatlak | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indef. | -dalhattam | -dalhattál | -dalhatott | -dalhattunk | -dalhattatok | -dalhattak | ||
| Def. | -dalhattam | -dalhattad | -dalhatta | -dalhattuk | -dalhattátok | -dalhatták | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -dalhattalak | ― | |||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | -dalhaték | -dalhatál | -dalhata | -dalhatánk | -dalhatátok | -dalhatának | ||
| Def. | -dalhatám | -dalhatád | -dalhatá | -dalhatánk | -dalhatátok | -dalhaták | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -dalhatálak | ― | |||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. -dalhat vala, -dalhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | -dalhatandok or -dalandhatok |
-dalhatandasz or -dalandhatsz |
-dalhatand or -dalandhat |
-dalhatandunk or -dalandhatunk |
-dalhatandotok or -dalandhattok |
-dalhatandanak or -dalandhatnak | ||
| Def. | -dalhatandom or -dalandhatom |
-dalhatandod or -dalandhatod |
-dalhatandja or -dalandhatja |
-dalhatandjuk or -dalandhatjuk |
-dalhatandjátok or -dalandhatjátok |
-dalhatandják or -dalandhatják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -dalhatandalak or -dalandhatlak |
― | |||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | -dalhatnék | -dalhatnál | -dalhatna | -dalhatnánk | -dalhatnátok | -dalhatnának | |
| Def. | -dalhatnám | -dalhatnád | -dalhatná | -dalhatnánk (or -dalhatnók) |
-dalhatnátok | -dalhatnák | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -dalhatnálak | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -dalhatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | -dalhassak | -dalhass or -dalhassál |
-dalhasson | -dalhassunk | -dalhassatok | -dalhassanak | |
| Def. | -dalhassam | -dalhasd or -dalhassad |
-dalhassa | -dalhassuk | -dalhassátok | -dalhassák | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -dalhassalak | ― | |||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -dalhatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (-dalhatni) | (-dalhatnom) | (-dalhatnod) | (-dalhatnia) | (-dalhatnunk) | (-dalhatnotok) | (-dalhatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | -dalható | Neg. adj. | -dalhatatlan | Adv. part. | (-dalhatva / -dalhatván) | ||||