ἀλλήλων

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ᾰ̓λλᾱ́λων (allā́lōn) — Aeolic, Doric

Etymology

From phrases such as ἄλλος ἄλλον (állos állon), ἄλλοι ἄλλους (álloi állous, “one another”), with loss of λ either by dissimilation or by the lengthening of α.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /al.lɛ̌ː.lɔːn/ → /alˈli.lon/ → /aˈli.lon/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /al.lɛ̌ː.lɔːn/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /alˈle̝.lon/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /alˈli.lon/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /alˈli.lon/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /aˈli.lon/

Pronoun

ἀλλήλων • (allḗlōn)

1. referring back to a plural subject, and expressing an action done in two directions: of one another, to one another, one another, each other, mutually, reciprocally
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.62
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.209
   • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 4.223
   • 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 188
   • 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 491
   • 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 1086
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 22.389
   • 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 506
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 654
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 4.4.23
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 57B.18
   • 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 472C
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 264B
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 59A.32
   • 3rd century CE, Diogenes Laertius, Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers 9.89
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Problems 953B.32
   • 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 821
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.105
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.70

Inflection

First and second declension of ἀλλήλω; ἀλλήλᾱ; ἀλλήλω (Attic)

Number		Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἀλλήλω allḗlō	ἀλλήλᾱ allḗlā	ἀλλήλω allḗlō		—	—	—
Genitive		ἀλλήλοιν allḗloin	ἀλλήλαιν allḗlain	ἀλλήλοιν allḗloin		ἀλλήλων allḗlōn	ἀλλήλων allḗlōn	ἀλλήλων allḗlōn
Dative		ἀλλήλοιν allḗloin	ἀλλήλαιν allḗlain	ἀλλήλοιν allḗloin		ἀλλήλοις allḗlois	ἀλλήλαις allḗlais	ἀλλήλοις allḗlois
Accusative		ἀλλήλω allḗlō	ἀλλήλᾱ allḗlā	ἀλλήλω allḗlō		ἀλλήλους allḗlous	ἀλλήλᾱς allḗlās	ἀλλῆλα allêla
Vocative		ἀλλήλω allḗlō	ἀλλήλᾱ allḗlā	ἀλλήλω allḗlō		—	—	—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. The nominative and vocative cases do not occur.

First and second declension of ἀλλήλω; ἀλλήλᾱ; ἀλλήλω (Epic)

Number		Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἀλλήλω allḗlō	ἀλλήλᾱ allḗlā	ἀλλήλω allḗlō		—	—	—
Genitive		ἀλλήλοιῐν allḗloiin	ἀλλήλαιν / ἀλλήλαιῐν / ἀλλήλῃῐν allḗlai(i)n / allḗlēiin	ἀλλήλοιῐν allḗloiin		ἀλλήλων allḗlōn	ἀλληλᾱ́ων / ἀλληλέ͜ων / ἀλληλῶν allēlā́ōn / allēlé͜ōn / allēlôn	ἀλλήλων allḗlōn
Dative		ἀλλήλοιῐν allḗloiin	ἀλλήλαιν / ἀλλήλαιῐν / ἀλλήλῃῐν allḗlai(i)n / allḗlēiin	ἀλλήλοιῐν allḗloiin		ἀλλήλοισῐ / ἀλλήλοισῐν / ἀλλήλοις allḗloisi(n) / allḗlois	ἀλλήλῃσῐ / ἀλλήλῃσῐν / ἀλλήλῃς / ἀλλήλαις allḗlēisi(n) / allḗlēis / allḗlais	ἀλλήλοισῐ / ἀλλήλοισῐν / ἀλλήλοις allḗloisi(n) / allḗlois
Accusative		ἀλλήλω allḗlō	ἀλλήλᾱ allḗlā	ἀλλήλω allḗlō		ἀλλήλους allḗlous	ἀλλήλᾱς allḗlās	ἀλλῆλα allêla
Vocative		ἀλλήλω allḗlō	ἀλλήλᾱ allḗlā	ἀλλήλω allḗlō		—	—	—
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution. The nominative and vocative cases do not occur.

References

• “ἀλλήλων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀλλήλων”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἀλλήλων”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἀλλήλων in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀλλήλων in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἀλλήλων in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• G240 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN