Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/-táànò

This Proto-Bantu entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Bantu

Reconstruction

The palatalized forms *-cáànò and *-cáànʊ̀ derive from the leveling of a morphological alternation in which the first consonant was palatalized in class 10.

Etymology

Cognates outside Bantu include Tiv utaan and Proto-Grassfields *(í-)tàn and Efik tíòn

Adjective

cardinal number

5	Previous:	*-nàì
	Next:	*ìkʊ́mì

*-táànò

1. five

Alternative forms

• *-táànʊ̀
• *-cáànò
• *-cáànʊ̀

Descendants

From *-táànò:

• Luganda (J15): -taano
• Swahili (G42): -tano

From *-táànʊ̀:

• Duala (A24): -tánu
• Luba-Kasai (L31): -tanu
• Mbunda (K15): -tanu
• Rwanda-Rundi (J61/62): -tanu

From *-cáànʊ̀:

• Chichewa (N31): -sanu
• Shona (S10): -shanu
• Gusii (J42): isano
• Southern Bantu:
  • Nguni:
    • Northern Ndebele (S44): -hlanu
    • Phuthi (S404): -hlanu
    • Swazi (S43): -hlanu
    • Xhosa (S41): -hlanu
    • Zulu (S42): -hlanu
  • Sotho-Tswana:
    • Northern Sotho (S32): -hlano
    • Sotho (S33): -hlano
    • Tswana (S31): -tlhano
  • Tsonga (S53): -ntlhanu
  • Venda (S20): -ṱhanu