Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hertô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr (“heart”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxer.tɔːː/

Noun

*hertô n

1. heart

Inflection

neuter an-stemDeclension of *hertô (neuter an-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hertô	*hertōnō
vocative	*hertô	*hertōnō
accusative	*hertô	*hertōnō
genitive	*hirtiniz	*hertanǫ̂
dative	*hirtini	*hertammaz
instrumental	*hirtinē	*hertammiz

Related terms

• *hartą
• *herþrą (possibly)

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hertā
  • Old English: heorte, herte — Northumbrian, hearte, hiorte
    • Middle English: herte, hart, harte, heorte, hert, hertt, hirte, huerte, heortæ, heorrte, herrte, hierte, horte, hurte (Early Middle English)
      • English: heart (see there for further descendants)
      • Scots: hert, hart, hairt
      • Yola: hearth, hart
  • Old Frisian: herte, hirte
    • Saterland Frisian: Haat
    • West Frisian: hert
  • Old Saxon: herta, herte
    • Middle Low German: herte, harte
      • Low German: Hart, Hiärt
      • German Low German: Hart
      • Plautdietsch: Hoat
  • Old Dutch: herta
    • Middle Dutch: herte, harte
      • Dutch: hart
        • Afrikaans: hart
      • Limburgish: hert
      • West Flemish: erte
  • Old High German: herza
    • Middle High German: hërze, hërz
      • Alemannic German: Härz
      • Bavarian:

        Cimbrian: hèrtz, hèertze (Sette Comuni)

        Mòcheno: hèrz

      • Central Franconian: Hätz, Hetz (variant spelling), Hatz (Ripuarian), Herz (Ripuarian variant), Hearz (Moselle Franconian variant), Häerz

        Hunsrik: Herz

      • German: Herz
      • Luxembourgish: Häerz
      • Silesian East Central German: Herze / Härze (Breslauisch) / Harze n
        • ⇒ Silesian East Central German: / harzlich
      • Vilamovian: haoc
      • Yiddish: האַרץ (harts)
• Old Norse: hjarta
  • Icelandic: hjarta
  • Faroese: hjarta
  • Norn: hjarta
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: hjarta, hjarte, hjerta
  • Jamtish: hjarte
  • Elfdalian: järta
  • Old Swedish: hiærta
    • Swedish: hjärta, hjerta, järta (obsolete)
      • → Finnish: hertta
  • Old Danish: hiartæ, hiærtæ
    • Scanian: hjarta
    • Danish: hjerte
      • Norwegian Bokmål: hjerte
        • → Norwegian Nynorsk: hjerte
    • Jutish: jaart
  • Gutnish: hjärte
• Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐍉 (hairtō)