Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ankulaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eng- (“joint; to bend”).

Noun

*ankulaz m

1. ankle
2. hip

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *ankulaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*ankulaz	*ankulōz, *ankulōs
vocative	*ankul	*ankulōz, *ankulōs
accusative	*ankulą	*ankulanz
genitive	*ankulas, *ankulis	*ankulǫ̂
dative	*ankulai	*ankulamaz
instrumental	*ankulō	*ankulamiz

Descendants

Several of these descendants may have been modified through folk etymology, in which the word was analysed as "on-claw", *ana (“on”) + *klawō (“claw”). An alternative explanation is that they are compounds of *ankulaz with *klawō, or similar terms that were confused with them.

• Old English: *ancol, *ancel, anclēo, anclēow
  • Middle English: ankel, ankyll, ancle
    • English: ankle
    • Scots: ankleth, anklet (fusion of Middle English ancle and lith)
• Old Frisian: onkel, anckel, onklef
  • Saterland Frisian: Onkel
  • West Frisian: ankel
• Old Saxon: enkel, ankel
  • Middle Low German: ankel, enkel
    • German Low German: Enkel
    • Low German: Enkel
    • → Norwegian Bokmål: ankel
    • → Swedish: ankel
    • → Danish: ankel
    • → Gutnish: ankel, ankul, ankål
• Old Dutch: *enklow, *enkle, *ankel
  • Middle Dutch: enkel, ankel, enklauw
    • Dutch: enkel, enklauw
      • Afrikaans: enkel
• Old High German: ankala, anchlāo
  • Middle High German: enkel
    • German: Enkel