Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰu-né-gʰ- ~ *bʰu-n-gʰ-, nasal-infix present of *bʰewgʰ- (“to bend”).[1]
Verb
*bungeti
- to break
Inflection
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite
|
| Active voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*bungū
|
*bungemam
|
*bibuxsū
|
*bubouga
|
| 2nd singular
|
*bungesi
|
*bungetās
|
*bibuxsesi
|
*bubougas?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*bungeti
|
*bungeto
|
*bibuxseti
|
*bubouge
|
| 1st plural
|
*bungomosi
|
*bungemo
|
*bibuxsomosi
|
*bubougmo
|
| 2nd plural
|
*bungetesi
|
*bungestē
|
*bibuxsetesi
|
*bubouxte
|
| 3rd plural
|
*bungonti
|
*bungento
|
*bibuxsonti
|
*bubougars
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*bounxū
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*bounxesi
|
?
|
*bunge
|
| 3rd singular
|
*bounxeti
|
?
|
*bungetou
|
| 1st plural
|
*bounxomosi
|
?
|
*bungomos
|
| 2nd plural
|
*bounxetesi
|
?
|
*bungete
|
| 3rd plural
|
*bounxonti
|
?
|
*bungontou
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*bungūr
|
—
|
*bibuxsūr
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*bungetar
|
—
|
*bibuxsetar
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*bungetor
|
?
|
*bibuxsetor
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*bungommor
|
—
|
*bibuxsommor
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*bungedwe
|
—
|
*bibuxsedwe
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*bungontor
|
?
|
*bibuxsontor
|
—
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*bounxūr
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*bounxetar
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*bounxetor
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*bounxommor
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*bounxedwe
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*bounxontor
|
—
|
—
|
| Declension of the past participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*buxtos
|
*buxtou
|
*buxtoi
|
| vocative
|
*buxte
|
*buxtou
|
*buxtoi
|
| accusative
|
*buxtom
|
*buxtou
|
*buxtoms
|
| genitive
|
*buxtī
|
*buxtous
|
*buxtom
|
| dative
|
*buxtūi
|
*buxtobom
|
*buxtobos
|
| instrumental
|
*buxtū
|
*buxtobim
|
*buxtobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*buxtā
|
*buxtai
|
*buxtās
|
| vocative
|
*buxtā
|
*buxtai
|
*buxtās
|
| accusative
|
*buxtam
|
*buxtai
|
*buxtams
|
| genitive
|
*buxtās
|
*buxtous
|
*buxtom
|
| dative
|
*buxtai
|
*buxtābom
|
*buxtābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*buxtābim
|
*buxtābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*buxtom
|
*buxtou
|
*buxtā
|
| vocative
|
*buxtom
|
*buxtou
|
*buxtā
|
| accusative
|
*buxtom
|
*buxtou
|
*buxtā
|
| genitive
|
*buxtī
|
*buxtous
|
*buxtom
|
| dative
|
*buxtūi
|
*buxtobom
|
*buxtobos
|
| instrumental
|
*buxtū
|
*buxtobim
|
*buxtobis
|
Descendants
References
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*bu-n-g-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 84
