Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hungruz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *hunhruz (East Germanic)

Etymology

From earlier *hunhruz, from Proto-Indo-European *kank-, *kenk- (“to burn, dry, pain, desire, hunger, thirst”). Cognate with Lithuanian kenkti (“to damage, blight”), Sanskrit काङ्क्षति (kāṅkṣati, “he wishes, desires”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxuŋ.ɡruz/

Noun

*hungruz m

1. (Northwest Germanic) hunger

Inflection

u-stemDeclension of *hungruz (u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hungruz	*hungriwiz
vocative	*hungru	*hungriwiz
accusative	*hungrų	*hungrunz
genitive	*hungrauz	*hungriwǫ̂
dative	*hungriwi	*hungrumaz
instrumental	*hungrū	*hungrumiz

Derived terms

• *hungrijaną
• *hungrōną
• *hungrugaz/*hungragaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hungr
  • Old English: hungor
    • Middle English: hunger, hunngerr, hungor, hungær; hunguer, honguer, honger, hungre, hongre, hungere, hongur, hounger, hounguer, hungir, hungyr, hungur
      • English: hunger
      • Scots: hounger, hunger
  • Old Frisian: hunger
    • West Frisian: honger, hûnger
    • ⇒ Saterland Frisian: Geehunger
  • Old Saxon: hungar
    • Middle Low German: hunger
      • German Low German: Hunger
  • Old Dutch: hunger
    • Middle Dutch: honger
      • Dutch: honger
        • Afrikaans: honger
        • Berbice Creole Dutch: hungru
        • Skepi Creole Dutch: hunger
        • →? Sranan Tongo: angri, hangri
          • → Saramaccan: hángi, ángi
      • Limburgish: hónger
  • Old High German: hungar
    • Middle High German: hunger
      • Cimbrian: hungar, hummar
      • German: Hunger
      • Luxembourgish: Honger
      • Yiddish: הונגער (hunger)
• Proto-Norse:
  • Old Norse: hungr
    • Icelandic: hungur
    • Norwegian: hunger
    • Old Swedish: hunger
      • Swedish: hunger
    • Danish: hunger

From the variant *hunhruz:

• Gothic: 𐌷𐌿𐌷𐍂𐌿𐍃 (hūhrus)