Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éryeti
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
2=h₂erh₃Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
From *h₂erh₃- + *-yeti, with regular deletion of the laryngeal between a consonant and *y.
Verb
*h₂éryeti (imperfective)[1]
- to be ploughing
Inflection
Imperfective, thematic | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3rd singular | *h₂éryeti | ||||
3rd plural | *h₂éryonti | ||||
Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
1st singular | *h₂éryoh₂ | *h₂éryom | — | *h₂éryōh₂ | *h₂éryoyh₁m̥ |
2nd singular | *h₂éryesi | *h₂éryes | *h₂érye | *h₂éryēsi | *h₂éryoys |
3rd singular | *h₂éryeti | *h₂éryet | *h₂éryetu | *h₂éryēti | *h₂éryoyt |
1st dual | *h₂éryowos | *h₂éryowe | — | *h₂éryōwos | *h₂éryoywe |
2nd dual | *h₂éryetes | *h₂éryetom | *h₂éryetom | *h₂éryētes | *h₂éryoytom |
3rd dual | *h₂éryetes | *h₂éryetām | *h₂éryetām | *h₂éryētes | *h₂éryoytām |
1st plural | *h₂éryomos | *h₂éryome | — | *h₂éryōmos | *h₂éryoyme |
2nd plural | *h₂éryete | *h₂éryete | *h₂éryete | *h₂éryēte | *h₂éryoyte |
3rd plural | *h₂éryonti | *h₂éryont | *h₂éryontu | *h₂éryōnti | *h₂éryoyh₁n̥t |
Participle | *h₂éryonts | ||||
Middle voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
1st singular | *h₂éryoh₂er | *h₂éryoh₂e | — | *h₂éryōh₂er | *h₂éryoyh₂e |
2nd singular | *h₂éryeth₂er | *h₂éryeth₂e | *h₂éryeso | *h₂éryēth₂er | *h₂éryoyth₂e |
3rd singular | *h₂éryetor | *h₂éryeto | *? | *h₂éryētor | *h₂éryoyto, *h₂éryoyh₁o |
1st dual | *h₂éryowosdʰh₂ | *h₂éryowedʰh₂ | — | *h₂éryōwosdʰh₂ | *h₂éryoywedʰh₂ |
2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
1st plural | *h₂éryomosdʰh₂ | *h₂éryomedʰh₂ | — | *h₂éryōmosdʰh₂ | *h₂éryoymedʰh₂ |
2nd plural | *h₂éryedʰh₂we | *h₂éryedʰh₂we | *h₂éryedʰh₂we | *h₂éryēdʰh₂we | *h₂éryoydʰh₂we |
3rd plural | *h₂éryoror, *h₂éryontor | *h₂éryoro, *h₂éryonto | *? | *h₂éryōror, *h₂éryōntor | *h₂éryoyro, *h₂éryoyh₁n̥to |
Participle | *h₂éryomnos |
Descendants
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *arˀ-
- Proto-Celtic: *aryeti (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *arjaną (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *aroyō (with restored laryngeal)
- Ancient Greek: ἀρόω (aróō)
- Proto-Italic: *araō (with restored laryngeal)
- Latin: arō (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN