Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bitva
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
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From Proto-Indo-European *bʰih₂-tweh₂, from *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike, hew”) + *-tweh₂. Equivalent to *biti + *-tva.
Noun
Inflection
Declension of *bìtva (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *bìtva | *bìtvě | *bìtvy |
genitive | *bìtvy | *bìtvu | *bìtvъ |
dative | *bìtvě | *bìtvama | *bìtvamъ |
accusative | *bìtvǫ | *bìtvě | *bìtvy |
instrumental | *bìtvojǫ, *bìtvǭ** | *bìtvama | *bìtvamī |
locative | *bìtvě | *bìtvu | *bìtvasъ, *bìtvaxъ* |
vocative | *bìtvo | *bìtvě | *bìtvy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
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Descendants
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bìtva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 42: “f. ā (a) ‘battle, fight’”
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 64