Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъrdlo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúrˀtla, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₃-dʰlom. Morphologically parsable as *gъr- +‎ *-dlo. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian gurklỹs (“crop”), gùrklis (“crop”), Old Prussian gurcle. Further akin to Proto-Germanic *kwerkō (“throat”), Latin gurges (“gorge”).

Noun

*gъ̀rdlo n

1. throat

Inflection

Declension of *gъ̀rdlo (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gъ̀rdlo	*gъ̀rdlě	*gъ̀rdla
genitive	*gъ̀rdla	*gъ̀rdlu	*gъ̀rdlъ
dative	*gъ̀rdlu	*gъ̀rdloma	*gъ̀rdlomъ
accusative	*gъ̀rdlo	*gъ̀rdlě	*gъ̀rdla
instrumental	*gъ̀rdlъmь, *gъ̀rdlomь*	*gъ̀rdloma	*gъ̀rdlȳ
locative	*gъ̀rdlě	*gъ̀rdlu	*gъ̀rdlě̄xъ
vocative	*gъ̀rdlo	*gъ̀rdlě	*gъ̀rdla

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *gъrdlica

Related terms

• *žerti (“to eat”)
• *žerdlo (“mouth, gorge”)
• *gъrtanь (“larynx”)
• *grъtъ／*grotъ (“gorge”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: гърло (gŭrlo), горло (gorlo)
    • Belarusian: го́рла (hórla)
    • Russian: го́рло (górlo)
    • Ukrainian: го́рло (hórlo)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: гръло (grŭlo)
  • Bulgarian: гъ́рло (gǎ́rlo)
    • → Romanian: gârlă
      • → Ukrainian: ги́рло (hýrlo)
  • Macedonian: грло (grlo)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: гр̏ло

    Latin script: gȑlo

  • Slovene: gŕlo (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: hrdlo
    • Czech: hrdlo
  • Kashubian: gardło
  • Polish: gardło
  • Slovak: hrdlo
  • Slovincian: garlô
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: gjardło, gjarło
    • Upper Sorbian: hordło, horło

• >? Proto-Slavic: *gъrdlačь
  • → Albanian: gërlac

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “горло”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gъrdlo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 204
• Gluhak, Alemko (1993) “Proto-Slavic/gъrdlo”, in Hrvatski etimološki rječnik (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: August Cesarec, →ISBN, page 247