Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jarъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

Possibly cognate to Ancient Greek ζωρός (zōrós, “pure, sheer (of wine)”), suggesting Proto-Indo-European *yoHro-.

Adjective

*jȃrъ

1. furious

Declension

Indefinite declension of *jarъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*jar{{{2}}}ъ	*jar{{{2}}}a	*jar{{{2}}}o
genitive	*jar{{{2}}}a	*jar{{{2}}}y	*jar{{{2}}}a
dative	*jar{{{2}}}u	*jar{{{2}}}ě	*jar{{{2}}}u
accusative	*jar{{{2}}}ъ	*jar{{{2}}}ǫ	*jar{{{2}}}o
instrumental	*jar{{{2}}}omь	*jar{{{2}}}ojǫ	*jar{{{2}}}omь
locative	*jar{{{2}}}ě	*jar{{{2}}}ě	*jar{{{2}}}ě
vocative	*jar{{{2}}}e	*jar{{{2}}}o	*jar{{{2}}}o
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*jar{{{2}}}a	*jar{{{2}}}ě	*jar{{{2}}}ě
genitive	*jar{{{2}}}u	*jar{{{2}}}u	*jar{{{2}}}u
dative	*jar{{{2}}}oma	*jar{{{2}}}ama	*jar{{{2}}}oma
accusative	*jar{{{2}}}a	*jar{{{2}}}ě	*jar{{{2}}}ě
instrumental	*jar{{{2}}}oma	*jar{{{2}}}ama	*jar{{{2}}}oma
locative	*jar{{{2}}}u	*jar{{{2}}}u	*jar{{{2}}}u
vocative	*jar{{{2}}}a	*jar{{{2}}}ě	*jar{{{2}}}ě
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*jar{{{2}}}i	*jar{{{2}}}y	*jar{{{2}}}a
genitive	*jar{{{2}}}ъ	*jar{{{2}}}ъ	*jar{{{2}}}ъ
dative	*jar{{{2}}}omъ	*jar{{{2}}}amъ	*jar{{{2}}}omъ
accusative	*jar{{{2}}}y	*jar{{{2}}}y	*jar{{{2}}}a
instrumental	*jar{{{2}}}y	*jar{{{2}}}ami	*jar{{{2}}}y
locative	*jar{{{2}}}ěxъ	*jar{{{2}}}axъ	*jar{{{2}}}ěxъ
vocative	*jar{{{2}}}i	*jar{{{2}}}y	*jar{{{2}}}a

Definite declension of *jarъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*jar{{{2}}}ъjь	*jar{{{2}}}aja	*jar{{{2}}}oje
genitive	*jar{{{2}}}ajego	*jar{{{2}}}yję̇	*jar{{{2}}}ajego
dative	*jar{{{2}}}ujemu	*jar{{{2}}}ěji	*jar{{{2}}}ujemu
accusative	*jar{{{2}}}ъjь	*jar{{{2}}}ǫjǫ	*jar{{{2}}}oje
instrumental	*jar{{{2}}}yjimь	*jar{{{2}}}ǫjǫ	*jar{{{2}}}yjimь
locative	*jar{{{2}}}ějemь	*jar{{{2}}}ěji	*jar{{{2}}}ějemь
vocative	*jar{{{2}}}ъjь	*jar{{{2}}}aja	*jar{{{2}}}oje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*jar{{{2}}}aja	*jar{{{2}}}ěji	*jar{{{2}}}ěji
genitive	*jar{{{2}}}uju	*jar{{{2}}}uju	*jar{{{2}}}uju
dative	*jar{{{2}}}yjima	*jar{{{2}}}yjima	*jar{{{2}}}yjima
accusative	*jar{{{2}}}aja	*jar{{{2}}}ěji	*jar{{{2}}}ěji
instrumental	*jar{{{2}}}yjima	*jar{{{2}}}yjima	*jar{{{2}}}yjima
locative	*jar{{{2}}}uju	*jar{{{2}}}uju	*jar{{{2}}}uju
vocative	*jar{{{2}}}aja	*jar{{{2}}}ěji	*jar{{{2}}}ěji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*jar{{{2}}}iji	*jar{{{2}}}yję̇	*jar{{{2}}}aja
genitive	*jar{{{2}}}ъjixъ	*jar{{{2}}}ъjixъ	*jar{{{2}}}ъjixъ
dative	*jar{{{2}}}yjimъ	*jar{{{2}}}yjimъ	*jar{{{2}}}yjimъ
accusative	*jar{{{2}}}yję̇	*jar{{{2}}}yję̇	*jar{{{2}}}aja
instrumental	*jar{{{2}}}yjimi	*jar{{{2}}}yjimi	*jar{{{2}}}yjimi
locative	*jar{{{2}}}yjixъ	*jar{{{2}}}yjixъ	*jar{{{2}}}yjixъ
vocative	*jar{{{2}}}iji	*jar{{{2}}}yję̇	*jar{{{2}}}aja

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ꙗръ (jarŭ)
    • Belarusian: я́ры (járy)
    • Russian: я́рый (járyj)
    • Ukrainian: я́рий (járyj)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: ꙗръ (jarŭ), ѣръ (ěrŭ)

  • Slovene: járən, jȃrən (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: jarobujný
  • Polish: jary
  • Sorbian:

Derived terms

• *jarъkъ (“bright”)
• *jarostь (“fury”)
• *jariti (“to become furious”)

Etymology 2

Noun

*jarъ m

1. Alternative form of *jaro (“summer; spring”)

Declension

Declension of *jarъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*jarъ	*jara	*jari
genitive	*jara	*jaru	*jarъ
dative	*jaru	*jaroma	*jaromъ
accusative	*jarъ	*jara	*jary
instrumental	*jarъmь, *jaromь*	*jaroma	*jary
locative	*jarě	*jaru	*jarěxъ
vocative	*jare	*jara	*jari

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.