Reconstruction:Proto-Algonquian/aθwi

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This Proto-Algonquian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Algonquian

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Alternative forms

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  • *aɬwi (alternative orthography)

Etymology

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Considered by one source to derive from a root meaning "round"; connected by Andrew Garrett to Yurok horew (pointed object (arrow, rock, etc)).

Noun

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*aθwi

  1. arrow

Descendants

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  • Plains Algonquian:
    • Arapaho: hóθ (arrow)
    • Gros Ventre: óc
  • Central Algonquian:
    • Cree-Montagnais-Naskapi:
    • Ojibwe: anwi (arrow, bullet, something shot as a missile)
    • Ottawa: nwi (bullet)
    • Potawatomi: nwe (bullet)
    • Miami: aloon(i)hsi (bullet)
    • Kickapoo: anooni
    • Shawnee: alwi
    • Menominee: anīh (bullet)
  • Eastern Algonquian
    • Powhatan: attonce (arrow)
    • Unami: aluns (arrow, bullet)

References

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  • Siebert (1941)
  • Berman, Howard (1992) “A Restriction on the Shape of Proto-Algonquian Nouns”, in International Journal of American Linguistics, volume 58, number 3, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, →JSTOR
  • Northeast Anthropology, issues 46-50 (1993), page 6:
    The several Proto-Algonquian terms for "arrow" include PA *aθwi (from a root meaning 'round'), *akaxkwa ('blunt of round-headed arrow'), and *a'θawana ('fletched arrow, arrow with a stone head and feathers'), as glossed by Siebert (1975:313). These do not appear to be compounds, so they are not suspect as loanwords. There is even a simple Proto-Algonquian verb stem, *pemw-, which means 'the other shoots him with an arrow'; []
  • Costa, David J. (2003) The Miami-Illinois Language (Studies in the Native Languages of the Americas), Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, →ISBN