Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/wiketi
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Proto-Celtic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to overcome”). Cognate with Latin vincō (“to conquer”).
Verb
[edit]- to fight
Inflection
[edit]Thematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Active voice | ||||
Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
1st singular | *wikū | *wikemam | *wiwixsū | *wiwoika |
2nd singular | *wikesi | *wiketās | *wiwixsesi | *wiwoikas? |
3rd singular | *wiketi | *wiketo | *wiwixseti | *wiwoike |
1st plural | *wikomosi | *wikemo | *wiwixsomosi | *wiwoikmo |
2nd plural | *wiketesi | *wikestē | *wiwixsetesi | *wiwoixte |
3rd plural | *wikonti | *wikento | *wiwixsonti | *wiwoikars |
Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
1st singular | *weixsū | ? | — | |
2nd singular | *weixsesi | ? | *wike | |
3rd singular | *weixseti | ? | *wiketou | |
1st plural | *weixsomosi | ? | *wikomos | |
2nd plural | *weixsetesi | ? | *wikete | |
3rd plural | *weixsonti | ? | *wikontou | |
Passive voice | ||||
Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
1st singular | *wikūr | — | *wiwixsūr | — |
2nd singular | *wiketar | — | *wiwixsetar | — |
3rd singular | *wiketor | ? | *wiwixsetor | — |
1st plural | *wikommor | — | *wiwixsommor | — |
2nd plural | *wikedwe | — | *wiwixsedwe | — |
3rd plural | *wikontor | ? | *wiwixsontor | — |
Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
1st singular | *weixsūr | — | — | |
2nd singular | *weixsetar | — | — | |
3rd singular | *weixsetor | — | — | |
1st plural | *weixsommor | — | — | |
2nd plural | *weixsedwe | — | — | |
3rd plural | *weixsontor | — | — |
Declension of the past participle | |||
---|---|---|---|
masculine | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *wixtos | *wixtou | *wixtoi |
vocative | *wixte | *wixtou | *wixtoi |
accusative | *wixtom | *wixtou | *wixtoms |
genitive | *wixtī | *wixtous | *wixtom |
dative | *wixtūi | *wixtobom | *wixtobos |
instrumental | *wixtū | *wixtobim | *wixtobis |
feminine | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *wixtā | *wixtai | *wixtās |
vocative | *wixtā | *wixtai | *wixtās |
accusative | *wixtam | *wixtai | *wixtams |
genitive | *wixtās | *wixtous | *wixtom |
dative | *wixtai | *wixtābom | *wixtābos |
instrumental | *? | *wixtābim | *wixtābis |
neuter | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *wixtom | *wixtou | *wixtā |
vocative | *wixtom | *wixtou | *wixtā |
accusative | *wixtom | *wixtou | *wixtā |
genitive | *wixtī | *wixtous | *wixtom |
dative | *wixtūi | *wixtobom | *wixtobos |
instrumental | *wixtū | *wixtobim | *wixtobis |
Related terms
[edit]- *wīkā
- *wixs
- Gaulish: *wix[3]
- ⇒ Gaulish: *Uiridouix
- → Latin: Viridovix
- ⇒ Gaulish: *Uiridouix
- ⇒ Proto-Celtic: *Ordowikes
- → Latin: Ordovices
- Gaulish: *wix[3]
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Brythonic: *wügɨd
- Proto-Brythonic: *ambɨ-wügɨd
- Old Irish: fichid
References
[edit]- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*wikʷ-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 421
- ^ Koch, John (2004) “*wik-e/o-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda[1], University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, page 124
- ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “uic(o)-, -uices”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 318