Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/joulu

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Norse *ᛃᛖᚢᛚᚢ (*jeulu), from Proto-Germanic *jehwlą, with a substitution *je- → *jo-, as Proto-Finnic didn't allow word-initial *je-. Doublet of *juhla.

Noun

*joulu

1. Yule

Declension

Inflection of *joulu

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*joulu	*joulut
accusative		*joulun	*joulut
genitive		*joulun	*jouludën *jouluidën
partitive		*jouluda	*jouluida
inessive		*joulussa *jouluhna	*jouluissa *jouluihna
elative		*joulusta	*jouluista
illative		*jouluhën	*jouluihën
adessive		*joululla	*jouluilla
ablative		*joululta	*jouluilta
allative		*joululën *joululëk	*jouluilën *jouluilëk
essive		*jouluna	*jouluina
translative		*jouluksi	*jouluiksi
instructive		*joulun	*jouluin
comitative		*joulunëk	*jouluinëk
abessive		*joulutta	*jouluitta

Descendants

• Estonian: jõulud pl, (dialectal) jõul
• Finnish: joulu
  • → Karelian:
    • North Karelian: joulu
    • South Karelian: joulu
• Ingrian: Joulu
• Võro: joul
• Votic: jõulu

Further reading

• “jõulud”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
• Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), “joulu”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN