Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kipeneh

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Unknown. Probably a variant of *küben.

Noun

*kipeneh

1. spark

Inflection

Inflection of *kipeneh

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*kipeneh	*kipenehet
accusative		*kipenehen	*kipenehet
genitive		*kipenehen	*kipenehten *kipenehiden
partitive		*kipenehtä	*kipenehidä
inessive		*kipenehessä *kipenehehnä	*kipenehissä *kipenehihnä
elative		*kipenehestä	*kipenehistä
illative		*kipenehehen	*kipenehihen
adessive		*kipenehellä	*kipenehillä
ablative		*kipeneheltä	*kipenehiltä
allative		*kipenehelen *kipenehelek	*kipenehilen *kipenehilek
essive		*kipenehenä	*kipenehinä
translative		*kipeneheksi	*kipenehiksi
instructive		*kipenehen	*kipenehin
comitative		*kipenehenek	*kipenehinek
abessive		*kipenehettä	*kipenehittä

Descendants

• Estonian: kibe
• Finnish: (dialectal) kipene
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: kipeneh

From *kipëna:

• Võro: kipõn'

From *kipuna:

• Finnish: kipuna
• Ingrian: kipuna
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: kipuna
  • South Karelian: kibuna
• Livvi: kibun

From *kipinä:

• Finnish: kipinä
• Veps: kibin

Further reading

• “kibe”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kipinä”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN