Reconstruction:Proto-Georgian-Zan/ḳwax-

This Proto-Georgian-Zan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Georgian-Zan

Alternative reconstructions

• *m-ḳwax-e- (Klimov)

Adjective

*ḳwax- (Fähnrich–Sarǯvelaʒe)

1. unripe

Reconstruction notes

According to Klimov, seemingly formed from an unattested verb root *ḳwax- with the help of *m- -e circumfix. The inherited nature of Svan is debated. According to Klimov, it's borrowed from Zan. If the Svan word is indeed inherited, then a Proto-Kartvelian source is reconstructible.

Descendants

• Proto-Georgian-Zan:
  • ⇒ Georgian: მკვახე (mḳvaxe)
  • Zan:
    • Laz: კოხა (ǩoxa, “unripe grapes, juice made from unripe grapes”)
    • Mingrelian: კოხა (ḳoxa)
      • → Abkhaz: акәаха (akʷʼaxa)
• >? Svan: კუხ (ḳux), კუხუ̂ (ḳuxû), კუ̂იხუ̂ (ḳûixû), კუ̈ხუ̂ (ḳüxû)

See also

• *mč̣ax-
• *č̣q̇inṭ-
• *xanč̣-el-

References

• Erckert, Roderich von (1895) Die Sprachen des kaukasischen Stammes. II. Theil. Sprachproben und grammatische Skizzen (in German), the Kartvelian section contributed by Mose Ǯanašvili, Vienna: Alfred Hölder, page 292
• Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 123
• Penrixi (Fähnrich), Hainc, Sarǯvelaʒe, Zurab (2000) Kartvelur enata eṭimologiuri leksiḳoni [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Georgian), 2nd edition, Tbilisi: Tbilisi Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani State University Press, page 276
• Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 236–237