Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/hmjinˣ

This Proto-Hmong-Mien entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Hmong-Mien

Etymology

Compare Proto-Austroasiatic *lmVɲ (Sidwell & Rau, 2015)

Noun

*hmjinˣ

1. tooth

Descendants

• Hmongic
  • Pa Hng
    • Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: ȵ̥i³¹
    • Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: m̥iŋ³¹³
  • North Hmongic
    • West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: qo³⁵ɕɛ⁴⁴ (different cognate set)
    • East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: ki⁰³sai⁵⁵ (different cognate set)
  • East Hmongic
    • North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: m̥i³⁵
    • East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: mi³³
    • South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: kwe⁴⁴
    • West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: me¹³
  • Sheic
    • Younuo 优诺: fen³³
    • Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: m̥ai⁵³
    • Bana 巴那: muŋ⁴⁴
    • She - Xiashuicun 下水村: mun⁵⁵
  • West Hmongic
    • Bunu
      • Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: ʔa⁰²m̥i⁵³
      • Nunu - Xishan 西山: mi³⁵
      • Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: m̥e¹³
    • Core
      • East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: tə⁰²mi⁵⁵
      • West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: tə⁰²m̥en⁵⁵
      • Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: m̥ɛ¹³
      • Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: mi²³²
      • A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: ȵ̥e⁵⁵
      • Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: n̥a⁵⁵
• Mienic
  • Biao Min
    • Shikou: mjen³⁵
    • Niuweizhai: mjən³⁵
  • Dzao Min (Daping): a⁴⁴ŋjɛ⁵³

References

• Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
• Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
• Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)