Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/ntju̯əŋᴴ

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This Proto-Hmong-Mien entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Hmong-Mien

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Etymology

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Compare Austroasiatic

Noun

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*ntju̯əŋᴴ

  1. tree

Descendants

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  • Hmongic
    • Pa Hng
      • Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: tja³⁵
      • Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: tsa³⁵
    • North Hmongic
      • West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: qo³⁵ntu⁵³
      • East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: ki⁰³du¹³
    • East Hmongic
      • North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: tə⁴⁴
      • East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: teu⁴⁴
      • South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: teu⁴⁴
      • West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: teu³³
    • Sheic
      • Younuo 优诺: fo⁴⁴
      • Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: ntɒŋ³⁵
      • Bana 巴那: fa¹³
      • She - Xiashuicun 下水村: tɔŋ³³
    • West Hmongic
      • Bunu
        • Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: ntau⁴²
        • Nunu - Xishan 西山: ka³³taŋ¹³
        • Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: ntou⁴⁴
      • Core
        • East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: qo⁰⁵ntuŋ²⁴
        • West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: ntoŋ³⁵
        • Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: hu²⁴
        • Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: wa²²
        • A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: ntau³³
        • Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: ntoŋ⁴⁴
  • Mienic
    • Mien
      • Guangdian (Jiangdi): djaŋ²⁴
      • Xiangnan (Miaoziyuan): djaŋ³⁵
    • Kim Mun
      • Diangui (Liangzi): gjaŋ⁴⁴
      • Fanghai (Tansan): gjaŋ³³⁵
    • Biao Mon
      • Changping: djaŋ³⁵
      • Luoxiang: djaŋ³⁵
    • Biao Min
      • Dongshan: djaŋ²⁴
      • Shikou: tjaŋ⁴⁴
      • Niuweizhai: djaŋ⁴⁴
    • Dzao Min (Daping): a⁴⁴djaŋ⁴²

References

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  • Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
  • Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
  • Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)