Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷetwr̥-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Zero grade form of *kʷetwóres (“four”).

Prefix

*kʷ(e)twr̥- (before cons.) or *kʷ(e)tur- (before vow.) or *kʷ(e)tru- (with metathesis)

1. four, fourfold

Derived terms

Proto-Indo-European terms prefixed with *kʷetwr̥-

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷétwr̥dḱomt

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷetwr̥tós

Descendants

• Proto-Celtic: *kʷetru- (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Germanic: *feþur-
• Hellenic:
  • Ancient Greek: τετρα- (tetra-)
• Proto-Italic: *kʷatru-
  • Latin: quadri-, quadru- (see there for further descendants)
  • Umbrian: petur- (as in peturpursus)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čatwr̥-
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ćatwr̥-
    • Sanskrit: चतुर्- (catur-)
  • Proto-Iranian: *čatwr̥-
    • Avestan: 𐬗𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬎- (caθru-) (e.g., 𐬗𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬎𐬨𐬁𐬵𐬌𐬌𐬀 (caθrumāhiia, “four-monthed”), 𐬗𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬎𐬗𐬀𐬱𐬨𐬀𐬥 (caθrucašman, “four-eyed”))