Jump to content

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weh₁ros

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

    Presumed either from *weh₁- +‎ *-rós (Caland system suffix),[1] or *weh₁r- +‎ *-ós;[2][3] however, the expected outcomes of oxytona *weh₁rós would be Proto-Celtic **wiros, and Proto-Germanic **weraz, due to pretonic vowel shortening according to Dybo's law,[4] if this law holds true.

    Adjective

    [edit]

    *weh₁ros (non-ablauting)[2]

    1. true

    Inflection

    [edit]
    Thematic
    masculine feminine
    nominative *weh₁ros *weh₁reh₂
    genitive *weh₁rosyo *weh₁reh₂s
    masculine singular dual plural
    nominative *weh₁ros *weh₁roh₁ *weh₁roes
    vocative *weh₁re *weh₁roh₁ *weh₁roes
    accusative *weh₁rom *weh₁roh₁ *weh₁roms
    genitive *weh₁rosyo *? *weh₁roHom
    ablative *weh₁read *? *weh₁romos, *weh₁robʰos
    dative *weh₁roey *? *weh₁romos, *weh₁robʰos
    locative *weh₁rey, *weh₁roy *? *weh₁roysu
    instrumental *weh₁roh₁ *? *weh₁rōys
    feminine singular dual plural
    nominative *weh₁reh₂ *weh₁reh₂h₁(e) *weh₁reh₂es
    vocative *weh₁reh₂ *weh₁reh₂h₁(e) *weh₁reh₂es
    accusative *weh₁rām *weh₁reh₂h₁(e) *weh₁reh₂m̥s
    genitive *weh₁reh₂s *? *weh₁reh₂oHom
    ablative *weh₁reh₂s *? *weh₁reh₂mos, *weh₁reh₂bʰos
    dative *weh₁reh₂ey *? *weh₁reh₂mos, *weh₁reh₂bʰos
    locative *weh₁reh₂, *weh₁reh₂i *? *weh₁reh₂su
    instrumental *weh₁reh₂h₁ *? *weh₁reh₂mis, *weh₁reh₂bʰis
    neuter singular dual plural
    nominative *weh₁rom *weh₁roy(h₁) *weh₁reh₂
    vocative *weh₁rom *weh₁roy(h₁) *weh₁reh₂
    accusative *weh₁rom *weh₁roy(h₁) *weh₁reh₂
    genitive *weh₁rosyo *? *weh₁roHom
    ablative *weh₁read *? *weh₁romos, *weh₁robʰos
    dative *weh₁roey *? *weh₁romos, *weh₁robʰos
    locative *weh₁rey, *weh₁roy *? *weh₁roysu
    instrumental *weh₁roh₁ *? *weh₁rōys

    Alternative reconstructions

    [edit]

    Descendants

    [edit]
    • Proto-Albanian: *wara[5]
      • Albanian: *ur[5]
        • ⇒? Albanian: urtë (“quiet, intelligent”) (+ -të)
    • Proto-Celtic: *wīros (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Germanic: *wēraz (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *wēros (see there for further descendants)

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991), The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 301: “*u̯eh₁-ro-”
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*u̯eh₁ros”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 606
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1166: “*u̯ēro-s”
    4. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 424–*wīro-: “PIE: *weh₁-ro-”
    5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Orel, Vladimir (1998), “urtë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 489

    Further reading

    [edit]
    • Peter C. H. Schrijver (1995), Studies in British Celtic Historical Phonology (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam; Atlanta, Ga.: Rodopi, page 193: “PIE *u̯eh₁ros”
    • De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “vērus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 668: “PIE *u̯eh₁-ro-”
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weh₁ros&oldid=89472590"